John R. Cash (born J. R. Cash ; February 26, 1932 - September 12, 2003) is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, actor, and writer. He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, has sold over 90 million albums worldwide. Although it is especially remembered as a country music icon, his songs cover genres and sounds adhered to rock and roll, rockabilly, blues, folk, and gospel. The appeal of this crossover won a rare Case of honor being inducted into Country Music, Rock and Roll, and the Gospel Music Halls of Fame.
Cash is known for his deep and calm bass-baritone voice; the distinctive sound of his Tennessee Three backing band, characterized by a strong guitar rhythm; rebellion coupled with an increasingly bleak and humble attitude; free prison concert; and the trademark, the black wardrobe, which earned him the nickname "The Man in Black." She traditionally started her concert by simply introducing herself, "Hello, I'm Johnny Cash," followed by her typical "Folsom Prison Blues".
Most of Cash's music contains themes of sadness, moral misery, and redemption, especially in the later stages of his career. Other typical songs include "I Walk the Line", "Ring of Fire", "Get Rhythm", and "Man in Black". He also recorded funny numbers like "One Piece at a Time" and "A Boy Named Sue"; duet with his future wife, June Carter, called "Jackson" (followed by many more duets after their marriage); and railroad tracks including "Hey, Porter", "Orange Blossom Special", and "Rock Island Line". During the last stage of his career, Cash covered songs by some 20th century rock artists, especially "Hurt" by Nine Inch Nails and "Personal Jesus" by Depeche Mode.
Video Johnny Cash
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J. R. Cash was born on February 26, 1932 in Kingsland, Arkansas, to Ray Cash and Carrie Cloveree ( nÃÆ' Â © e Rivers). She is the fourth child of seven siblings, who are in the birth order: Roy, Margaret Louise, Jack, J. R., Reba, Joanne, and Tommy (who also became successful state artists). He is mainly of British and Scottish descent. As an adult he traces his last name to an 11th-century Fife, having met Laird Falkland, Maj. Michael Crichton-Stuart. Cash Loch and other locations in Fife bear the name of his family.
At birth, Cash is named J. R. Cash. When Cash was registered with the United States Air Force, he was not allowed to use his initials as his first name, so he changed his name to John R. Cash. In 1955, when he signed with Sun Records, he started following Johnny Cash.
In March 1935, when Cash was three years old, the family settled in Dyess, Arkansas, a New Deal colony established to give poor families the opportunity to work on land they had the chance to have as a result. J.R. began working in a cotton field at the age of five, singing with his family while working. The family farm was flooded at least twice, which then took her to write the song "Five Feet High and Rising". The family's economic and personal struggle during the Great Depression inspired many of his songs, especially about others who faced similar difficulties. He sympathizes with the poor and working class.
Cash is very close to her brother, Jack. In May 1944, Jack was pulled into a circular saw blade at the factory where he worked and almost split in two. He suffered for more than a week before he died on May 20, 1944, at the age of 15 years. Cash often talked about the terrible guilt he felt about the incident. According to Cash: The Autobiography , his father was away that morning, but Johnny and his mother, and Jack himself, all had a hunch or a hunch about that day. Her mother urged Jack not to work and went fishing with his brother. Jack insists on working because his family needs the money. On his death bed, Jack says he has a vision of Heaven and angels. Decades later, Cash spoke of the hope of meeting his brother in Heaven.
Early memory of cash is dominated by gospel music and radio. Taught guitar by his mother and a childhood friend, Cash started playing and writing songs at the age of twelve. When young, Cash has a high tenor voice, before becoming a bass-baritone after his voice has changed. In high school, he sings at a local radio station. A few decades later he released an album of traditional gospel songs, called My Mother's Songbook . He is also heavily influenced by traditional Irish music, which he hears performed weekly by Dennis Day on the Jack Benny radio program.
Maps Johnny Cash
Military service
Cash registered in the United States Air Force on July 7, 1950. After basic training at Lackland Air Force Base and technical training at Brooks Air Force Base, both in San Antonio, Texas, Cash was assigned to 12th Mobile Squadron Radio from the US. The Air Force Security Service in Landsberg, Germany, as the operator of the Morse Code intercepted the transmission of the Soviet Army. There he created his first band, named "The Landsberg Barbarians". He was dismissed with respect as a staff sergeant on July 3, 1954, and returned to Texas. During his military service, he obtained a distinctive scar on the right side of his jaw as a result of surgery to remove the cyst.
Marriage and family
On July 18, 1951, while attending Air Force training, Cash met 17-year-old Vivian Liberto in a roller-skating rink in San Antonio, Texas. They dated for three weeks until Cash was deployed to Germany for a three-year tour. During that time, the couple exchanged hundreds of pages of love letters. On August 7, 1954, one month after his return, they were married in St. Roman Catholic Church. Ann in San Antonio. The ceremony was performed by his uncle, Vincent Liberto. They have four daughters: Rosanne, Kathy, Cindy, and Tara. In 1961, Johnny moved his family to a hilltop house overlooking Casitas Springs, California, a small town south of Ojai on Highway 33. He had previously moved his parents to the area to run a small trailer park called The Johnny Cash Trailer Park. Drinking Johnny caused some detention with local law enforcement. Liberto later said that he had filed for divorce in 1966 for drug and alcohol abuse, as well as constant tour, affairs with other women, and his close relationship with June Carter. All four of their daughters were then raised by their mothers.
Cash met singer June Carter, from the famous Carter family on tour, and the two became infatuated with each other. In 1968, 13 years after they first met backstage at the Grand Ole Opry, Cash applied until June, during a live performance in London, Ontario. The couple married on March 1, 1968, in Franklin, Kentucky. They have one child, John Carter Cash, born March 3, 1970.
Cash and Carter continued to work, raising their children, making music and traveling together for 35 years until June's death in May 2003. Throughout their marriage, June attempted to keep cash from amphetamines, often taking drugs and watering them down the toilet. June stays with him even throughout his acceptance for rehab treatment and years of drug abuse. After June's death, Cash believes that the only reason to live is his music. He died four months later.
Careers
Initial career
In 1954, Cash and Vivian moved to Memphis, Tennessee, where he sold equipment while studying to become a radio announcer. At night he played with guitarist Luther Perkins and bassist Marshall Grant. Perkins and Grant are known as Tennessee Two. Cash collects the courage to visit Sun Records studio, hoping to get a record deal. She auditioned for Sam Phillips by singing most of the gospel songs, only to learn from the producers that she no longer recorded gospel music. It was once reported that Phillips told Cash to "go home and sin, then return with a song I could sell", although in a 2002 interview, Cash denied that Phillips made such a comment. Cash finally won the producer with new songs delivered in early rockabilly style. In 1955, Cash made his first recordings on Sun, "Hey Porter" and "Cry! Cry! Cry!", Which was released in late June and met successfully on the hit country stage.
On December 4, 1956, Elvis Presley joined Phillips while Carl Perkins was in the studio cutting a new track, with Jerry Lee Lewis supporting him with the piano. Cash is also in the studio and the four start an impromptu jam session. Phillips left the tape and recordings, almost half of which were gospel songs, enduring. They have been released under the title Million Dollar Quartet . In Cash: Autobiography , Cash writes that he is the furthest from the microphone and sings in a higher tone to mingle with Elvis.
The next cash record, "Folsom Prison Blues", goes to Top 5. "I Walk the Line" is No. 1 on the country charts and entering the Top 20 pop charts. "Home of the Blues" followed, recorded in July 1957. That same year, Cash became the first Sun artist to release a long album. Although he is Sun's most consistent artist selling and earning at the time, Cash feels limited by his contract with a small label. Phillips does not want Cash to record the gospel, and pay him 3% royalty instead of the standard 5% rate. Presley had left Sun, and Phillips concentrated most of his attention and promotion on Lewis.
In 1958, Cash left Phillips to sign a lucrative offer with Columbia Records. The single "Do not Take Your Guns to Town" became one of his biggest hits, and he recorded a collection of gospel songs for his second album for Columbia. But Cash left enough backlog recordings with Sun that Phillips continued to release new singles and albums from, featuring unreleased material until the end of 1964. Cash was in an unusual position due to new releases on two labels simultaneously. Sun's 1960 release, a cover of "Oh Lonesome Me", made it to No. 1. 13 on C & amp; W.
(When RCA Victor signed Presley, he also bought his Sun Records master, but when Cash left for Columbia, Phillips retained the rights to singer Sun singer Columbia eventually licensed part of this recording for release on compilation after Cash's death.)
Early in his career, Cash was given the teasing name of The Undertaker by his fellow artists for his habit of wearing black clothes. He said he picked them because they were easier to keep looking clean on the long tour.
In the early 1960s, Cash toured with the Carter family, who at this point regularly include the daughters of Mrs. Maybelle, Anita, June, and Helen. June then told her admire from a distance during this tour. In the 1960s, he appeared on the short television series Pete Seeger <<> Rainbow Quest . He also acted and wrote and sang the opening song for the 1961 movie Five Minutes to Live, which was re-released as a door-to-door Maniac .
Cash Care is handled by Saul Holiff, a promoter of London, Ontario. Their relationship is the subject of the biopic film of Saul's son My Dad and the Black Man .
Picture prohibition
When his career began in the late 1950s, Cash began to drink and became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates. For a short time, he shared an apartment in Nashville with Waylon Jennings, who is very addicted to amphetamines. Cash using a stimulant to stay awake during the tour. Friends joked about "nervousness" and uncertain behavior, many of which ignore the alarming signs of drug addiction.
Although he is in many ways uncontrollable, Cash can still provide hits due to his frenetic creativity. His appearance "Ring of Fire" was a crossover hit, reaching No. 1 on the country charts and entering the Top 20 on the pop charts. Originally performed by a June sister, but the mariachi-style horn signature arrangement is provided by Cash. He says that it came to him in a dream. Vivian Liberto claimed a different version of the origin of "Ring of Fire." In his book, I Walked the Line: My Life with Johnny, Liberto says that Cash gave Carter credit for monetary reasons.
In June 1965, the Cash camper caught fire during a fishing trip with his nephew Damon Fielder at Los Padres National Forest in California, sparking a forest fire that burned several hundred acres and nearly caused his death. Cash claimed that the fire was caused by sparks from a damaged exhaust system in his camper, but Fielder thought that Cash lit the fire to stay warm and in his anesthetic condition failed to see the fire get out of control. When the judge asked Cash why he did it, Cash said, "I did not do it, my truck did it, and the truck was dead, so you can not question it."
The fire destroyed 508 acres (206Ã, ha), burned leaves from three mountains and drove forty-nine of the 53 endangered species. Cash does not repent and claims, "I do not care about your yellow eagle." The federal government sued him and earned $ 125,172. Cash finally settled the case and paid $ 82,001. He said he was the only person ever sued by the government for starting a forest fire.
Although Cash cultivates the image of romantic abuse, he has never served a prison sentence. Despite landing in prison seven times for minor offenses, he only stays one night at each stay. On May 11, 1965, he was arrested in Starkville, Mississippi, for unauthorized entry into a private property to pick flowers. (He uses this to write the song "Starkville City Jail", which he discussed on his live album At San Quentin.) During that year's tour, he was arrested October 4 in El Paso, Texas, by team narcotics. Officials suspect he smuggled heroin from Mexico, but found 688 Dexedrine (amphetamine) capsules and 475 Equanil tablets (sedatives or tranquilizers) hidden by the singer in his guitar box. Since the pill is a prescription drug rather than an illegal narcotics, he receives a probation sentence.
In the mid-1960s, Cash released a number of concept albums. His Bitter Tears (1964) is devoted to speaking words and songs overcoming the suffering of Native Americans and the persecution by the government. When initially reaching the charts, the album met with the refusal of some fans and radio stations, who rejected his controversial comments on social issues. The album is considered lost until the early 21st century. In 2011 a book was published about it, leading to recording of songs by contemporary artists and filming documentaries about Cash's efforts with the album. The film premiered on PBS in February and November 2016. His Singing Ballads of True West (1965) is an experimental double tape, mixing authentic border tunes with Cash oral narration.
Reaching low with severe drug addiction and destructive behavior, Kas divorced from his first wife and his appearance was canceled. But, he continues to seek success. In 1967, a Cash duo with June Carter, "Jackson," won a Grammy Award.
Cash was last captured in 1967 in Walker County, Georgia, after police found him carrying a prescription pill bag and had a car accident. Cash tried to bribe the local representative, who changed the money. The singer was jailed for a night in LaFayette, Georgia. Sheriff Ralph Jones freed him after giving him a long lecture, warning him of the dangers of his behavior and the potential wasted. Money credited that experience by helping him turn around and save his life. He then returned to LaFayette to play a charity concert; it attracted 12,000 people (city population of less than 9,000 at the time) and collected $ 75,000 for secondary schools. Reflecting on his past in a 1997 interview, Cash noted: "I took the pills for a while, and then the pill started taking me."
In early 1968, Cash had a spiritual enlightenment in the Nickajack Cave. He has tried to commit suicide while under the great influence of drugs. He descended deep into the cave, trying to lose himself and "just die," but fainted on the floor. Really desperate, he felt God's presence in his heart and struggled out of the cave (albeit exhausted) by following the faint light and the breeze. For him, the incident represents rebirth. June, Maybelle, and Ezra Carter moved to Cash's house for a month to help him get rid of drugs. Cash was filed on stage until June on February 22, 1968, at a concert at London Gardens in London, Ontario, Canada. The couple married a week later (on March 1) in Franklin, Kentucky. He agreed to marry Cash after he "cleared up."
The journey of cash includes the rediscovery of his Christian faith. He took an "altar call" at Evangel Temple, a small church in the Nashville area, pastored by Reverend Jimmie Rodgers Snow, son of country music legend Hank Snow. But according to old friend Marshall Grant, Cash did not completely stop using amphetamine in 1968. Only in 1970 Cash ended all drug use, defending it for a period of seven years. Grant claims that the birth of Cash's son John Carter Cash inspired Money to end his dependence.
Cash began using amphetamine again in 1977. In 1983, he was very addicted again and entered the Betty Ford Clinic in Rancho Mirage, California, for treatment. He stayed away from medicines for several years, but relapsed again. In 1989, he relied on and went into the Cumberland Heights Alcohol and Drug Treatment Center in Nashville. In 1992, he entered the Loma Linda Behavioral Treatment Center in Loma Linda, California, for his last rehab treatment. (Several months later, her son followed her to this facility for treatment).
Folsom and other prison concerts
Cash started performing concerts in prisons beginning in the late 1950s. He played his famous first prison concert on January 1, 1958, at San Quentin State Prison. The show produced a pair of very successful live albums, Johnny Cash at Folsom Prison (1968) and Johnny Cash at San Quentin (1969). Both live albums reached number 1 on Billboard's country music album and the latter crossed to reach the top of the Billboard pop album chart. In 1969, Kas became an international hit when he beat even the Beatles by selling 6.5 million albums. In comparison, the prison concert is much more successful than his later live albums such as Strawberry Cake recorded in London and Live in Madison Square Garden , which peaked at # 33 and # 39 on the album charts respectively.
Folsom Prison records were introduced by the song "Folsom Prison Blues," while the recording of San Quentin included a single crossover hit "A Boy Named Sue," the novelty of Shel Silverstein that reached No. 1. 1 on country charts and No. 2 on the US Top Ten charts. The latter version of AM contains obscene words edited from the broadcast version. The modern CD version is not edited so it makes it longer than the original vinyl album, though they keep the audience's reaction too much from the original.
The cash was done in the ÃÆ'-sterÃÆ'  ¥ Kerel Prison in Sweden in 1972. The live album PÃÆ'  ¥ ÃÆ'-sterÃÆ'  ¥ ker ("On ÃÆ'-sterÃÆ'  ¥ ker") was released in 1973. "San Quentin" was recorded with Kas replacing "San Quentin" with "ÃÆ'-sterÃÆ'  ¥ ker". In 1976, a further prison concert, this time in Tennessee Prison, was recorded for TV broadcasting and received a late CD release after Cash's death as A Concert Behind Prison Walls.
Activism for Native Americans
In 1965, Cash and June Carter appeared on the Pete Seeger TV show, Rainbow Quest , where Cash explains his beginning as an activist for Native Americans:
In '57, I wrote a song called 'Old Apache Squaw' and then forgot what so-called Indian protests for a while, but no one else spoke at any volume.
Columbia, the label that Cash later recorded, opposed to putting the song on the next album, considering it was "too radical for the public". Songs of cash singing from Indian tragedies and the settler violence radically against the mainstream of country music in the 1950s, dominated by a godly cowboy image that only made the native land his own.
In 1964, coming from the success of the previous album chart "I Walk The Line", he recorded the previously mentioned album Tears Bitter: Ballads of American Indian .
The album features stories from many indigenous communities, mostly from their violent oppression by white settlers: The Pima ("Ballad of Ira Hayes"), Navajo ("Navajo"), Apache ("Apache Tears"), Lakota (" Big Foot "), Seneca (" As Long the Grass Shall Grow "), and Cherokee (" Talking Leaves "). Cash wrote three songs of his own and one with the help of Johnny Horton, but the majority of the protest songs were written by folk artist Peter La Farge (son of activist and Pulitzer prizewinner Oliver La Farge), whom Cash met in New York in the 1960s and which he admire it for its activism. The single album, "The Ballad of Ira Hayes" (about one of six to raise the US flag in Iwo Jima), was ignored by non-political radio at the time, and the record label denied any promotion because of its provocative protest and was thus " not attractive". Cash faced resistance and was even urged by the country music magazine editor to leave the Country Music Association: "You and your people are too smart to mix with ordinary villagers, state artists, and state DJs."
In reaction, on August 22, 1964, the singer posted a letter as an advertisement on Billboard Magazine, calling the record industry a coward. "D.J.s - station manager - owner... where is your courage?" he demanded. "I have to fight when I realize that so many stations are afraid of Ira Hayes.Just one question: WHY ???" He concluded the letter, "Ira Hayes is a powerful medicine... So are Rochester, Harlem, Birmingham, and Vietnam." Cash continues to promote the song itself and uses its influence on disc jockeys radio which he knows eventually made the song go up to number three on the country charts, while the album went up to number two on the album charts.
Then, at The Johnny Cash Show, he continues to tell the story of Native-American suffering, either in the song or through short films, such as the history of the Waterfall.
In 1966, in response to his activism, the singer was adopted by the Seneca Nation Turtle Clan. He benefited in 1968 at the Rosebud Reservation, close to the historic landmark massacre in Wounded Knee, to raise money to help build the school. He also played at D-Q University in the 1980s.
In 1970, Cash recorded a reading of 1890th anniversary of John G. Burnett's birthday about the abolition of the Cherokee for the Historical Landmarks Association (Nashville).
The Johnny Cash Show 1969-1971
From 1969 to 1971, Cash starred in his own television show, The Johnny Cash Show, on the ABC network. The show was performed at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville. The Statler Brothers opens for him in every episode; The Carter family and rockabilly legend, Carl Perkins, are also part of a regular performance group. Cash also enjoys booking major players as guests; including Neil Young, Louis Armstrong, Neil Diamond, Kenny Rogers and The First Edition (which appeared four times), James Taylor, Ray Charles, Roger Miller, Roy Orbison, Derek and Dominos, and Bob Dylan. During the same period, he donated song titles and other songs to the Little Fauss and Big Halsey movie, starring Robert Redford, Michael J. Pollard, and Lauren Hutton. The title track, "The Ballad of Little Fauss and Big Halsey," written by Carl Perkins, was nominated for a Golden Globe award.
Cash had met Dylan in the mid-1960s and became close friends when they were neighbors in the late 1960s in Woodstock, New York. Cash is keen to reintroduce Dylan to his listeners. Cash sang a duet with Dylan on Dylan's country album "Nashville Skyline" and also wrote a Grammy-winning album record album.
Another artist who received a major career boost from The Johnny Cash Show was Krisdayanti, who started making a name for himself as a singer-songwriter. During the live show "Mornin 'Comin Down Down Kristofferson," Cash refused to change the lyrics to suit the network executives, singing a song with reference to the cannabis intact:
Johnny Cash's closing program is a special gospel music. Guests include Blackwood Brothers, Mahalia Jackson, Stuart Hamblen and Billy Graham.
"The Man in Black"
In the early 1970s, he crystallized his public image as "The Man in Black." She regularly appeared dressed in black, wearing a long knee-length black coat. This outfit is in sharp contrast to the costumes worn by most of the major country acts of his day: the suit of rhinestone and cowboy boots. In 1971, Cash wrote the song "Man in Black," to help explain his dress code:
He wore 'black' on behalf of the poor and hungry, in the name of "prisoners who have long paid for his crimes," and on behalf of those who have been betrayed by age or drugs. "And," Cash added, "with the painful Vietnam War in my mind like most other Americans, I wear it" mourning for the life it should be "... Regardless of the existence of the Vietnam War I see no reason to change my position. The old one is still neglected, the poor are still poor, the young are still dying prematurely, and we are not making many moves to fix them There is still plenty of darkness to carry. "
He and his band initially wore black shirts because it was the only suitable color they had among their various outfits. He wore another color on stage early in his career, but he claimed to love wearing black both on stage and off stage. He states that political reasons are set aside, he just likes black as a color on stage. The obsolete US Navy winter blue uniform used to be called by the sailors as "Johnny Cashes," as a black uniform, tie, and trousers.
In the mid-1970s, Cash's popularity and number of hit songs began to decline. He made advertisements for Amoco and STP, a company that was unpopular during the energy crisis of the 1970s. In 1976 he made an ad for Lionel Trains, which he also wrote his music. However, his first autobiography, Man in Black , was published in 1975 and sold 1.3 million copies. Second, Cash: The Autobiography , appeared in 1997.
His friendship with Billy Graham led to the production of Cash's film about the life of Jesus, The Gospel Road , written and told by Cash. It was released in 1973. Cash cash viewed the film as a statement of his personal faith rather than a means of propagation.
Cash and June Carter Cash appeared several times on Billy Graham Crusade specials, and Cash continued to include gospel and religious songs on many of his albums, although Columbia declined to release a Buy A Sever the Truth , a double-LP Cash gospel was recorded in 1979 and finally released on an independent label even with cash still under contract to Columbia. On November 22, 1974, CBS hosted a one-hour TV special called "Riding The Rails", a railway music history.
He continued to appear on television, hosting the Christmas specials on CBS in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Then the television appearance included a lead role in an Columbo episode, titled "Swan Song". She and June appeared on the episode of Little House on the Prairie, entitled "The Collection". He gave his appearance as John Brown in the 1985 North American and American Civil TV mini-series . Johnny and June also appear in Dr. Quinn, Woman Medicine in a recurring role.
He was friendly with every US President who started with Richard Nixon. He was closest to Jimmy Carter, with whom he became a close friend and distant cousin of his wife, June Carter Cash.
When invited to perform at the White House for the first time in 1970, Richard Nixon's office requested that he play "Okie from Muskogee" (Merle Haggard's sarcastic remarks about people who hate drug users and young war protesters), "Prosperity" (Guy Drake's song denying the integrity of the welfare recipient), and "A Boy Named Sue." Cash refused to play the first two songs and instead chose other songs, including "The Ballad of Ira Hayes" (about veteran World War II veterans who were persecuted when he returned to Arizona), and his own compositions, "What Is Truth" and "Man in Black". Cash writes that the reason for rejecting Nixon's song choice is not knowing them and has a short enough notice to train them, rather than political reasons. However, added Cash, even if the Nixon office has given enough money to study and train the songs, their selection of pieces that convey anti-hippie and anti-black sentiments may have backfired. In his speech when introducing Cash, Nixon joked that the one thing he learned about the singer was one did not tell him what to sing.
Johnny Cash is the Grand Marshal of the United States Bicentennial parade. He wore a shirt from Nudie Cohn that sold for $ 25,000 at auction in 2010. After the parade he gave a concert at the Washington monument.
Highway and departure riders from Columbia Records
In 1980, Cash became the famous Minister of Music of the Luminary at 48 years of age. But during the 1980s, his record failed to make a major impact on the country charts, although he continued to successfully tour. In the mid-1980s, he recorded and toured with Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson and Kris Kristofferson as The Highwaymen, making three hit albums released originally titled "Highwayman" in 1985, followed by "Highwaymen 2" in the year 1990., and ended with "HighwaymenÃ, - The Road Goes on forever" in 1995.
During that period, Cash appeared in a number of television movies. In 1981, he starred in The Pride of Jesse Hallam, winning good reviews for a movie called adult illiteracy attention. In the same year, Cash appeared as a "special guest star" in an episode of the Muppet Show . In 1983, he emerged as a heroic sheriff at the Coweta County Killings, based on a real Georgia assassination case, starring Andy Griffith as his arch-enemy and featuring June Carter in a small but important piece. role. Cash has been tried for years to make movies, which he earns praise.
Cash back became addictive after being given painkillers for a serious stomach injury in 1983 caused by an unusual incident in which he was kicked and injured by an ostrich he kept in his field.
On a visit to the hospital in 1988, this time to watch Waylon Jennings (who was recovering from a heart attack), Jennings suggested that Cash himself had gone to the hospital for his own heart condition. The doctor suggested preventive heart surgery, and Cash underwent double bypass surgery at the same hospital. Both recovered, although Cash refused to use the prescribed painkillers, fearing relapse became dependent. Cash then claims that during the operation, it has a so-called "near-death experience".
Cash recording career and relationships generally with the founding of Nashville were at an all-time low in the 1980s. He realizes that his record label for almost 30 years, Columbia, grew unconcerned and did not market it properly (he was "invisible" during that time, as he said in his autobiography).
In 1984, Cash released a self-parody recording titled "Chicken in Black," about Cash's brain being transplanted into chickens and Cash receiving a bank robber's brain in return. Biographer Robert Hilburn, in 2013-published Johnny Cash: The Life has denied claims made that Kas chose to record a deliberately poor song in protest at Columbia's treatment of him. Instead, Hilburn writes, is Columbia featuring Cash with the song, which Cash - previously printed major graphics hits with comedy material such as "A Boy Named Sue" and "One Piece at a Time" - was enthusiastically received, featuring the song directly above stage and filming a comedic music video in which she wore a superhero bank robber costume. According to Hilburn, Cash's enthusiasm for the song diminished after Waylon Jennings told Cash that he looked "like a clown" in a music video (shown on Cash's Christmas Christmas special 1984), and Cash later requested that Columbia pull music videos from broadcasts and remember singles from shops - disrupts the success of a bona fide chart - and is called a "failure venture."
Between 1981 and 1984, he recorded several sessions with renowned countrypolitan producer Billy Sherrill (who also produced "Chicken in Black") stored; they will be released by Columbia's sister label, Legacy Recordings, in 2014 as Out Among the Stars . Around this time, Cash also recorded a Gospel recording album that was finally released by another label around the time of his departure from Columbia (this is because Columbia closed his Priority Records division which will release the recording).
After more unsuccessful footage was released in 1984-1985, Cash left Columbia (at least as a solo artist; he continued to record for Columbia on a non-solo project until the end of 1990, recorded a duet album with Waylon Jennings and two albums as a member of The Highwaymen).
In 1986, Cash returned to Sun Studios in Memphis to join Roy Orbison, Jerry Lee Lewis, and Carl Perkins to make the album Class of '55 ; according to Hilburn, Columbia still has cash in contracts at the time, so special arrangements must be made to allow him to participate. Also in 1986, Cash published his only novel, Man in White, a book about Saul and his conversion to become Apostle Paul. He recorded Johnny Cash Reading The Complete New Testament in 1990.
America Records
After Columbia Records took down Cash from his record deal, he had a brief and unsuccessful experience with Mercury Records from 1987 to 1991. During this time, he recorded new album versions of some of Sun's most famous hits and Columbia's as well as Water from Wells of Home, duet albums that pair it, among others, his sons Rosanne Cash and John Carter Cash, and Paul McCartney. One Christmas album recorded for Delta Records follows his Mercury contract.
His career was rejuvenated in the 1990s, leading to popularity with audiences who have traditionally not been considered interested in country music. In 1988, British post-punk musician Marc Riley (formerly of Fall) and Jon Langford (the Mekons) collected 'Til Things Are Brighter , a tribute album featuring most of the indie-rock based action in England. 'Interpretation of Cash songs. Cash was very enthusiastic about the project, telling Langford that it was a "boost for the spirit": Roseanne Cash then said "he felt a real connection with the musicians and was very validated... It was very good for him: he was in his element. really understand what they are tapping, and love it ". The album drew the attention of the press on both sides of the Atlantic. In 1991, he sang the version of "Man in Black" for Kristen Bad One's One Bad Pig's I Scream Sunday . In 1993, he sang "The Wanderer" on the U2 album Zooropa which was the closing song. According to Rolling Stone writer Adam Gold, "The Wanderer" - written for Money by Bono, "opposes both the U2 and Cash canon, combining rhythmic and texture elements of synth-pop Nineties with Countrypolitan lament. suitable for closing credits from Seventies western. "
Though no longer sought by major labels, he was offered a contract with producer Rick Rubin's American Recordings label, recently renamed Def American, where the name was better known as rap and hard rock. Under Rubin's supervision, he recorded American Recordings (1994) in his living room, accompanied only by Martin Dreadnought's guitar - one of the many cash played throughout his career. The album features covers of contemporary artists selected by Rubin including "Down There by the Train" by Tom Waits. The album has many critical and commercial successes, winning the Grammy for Best Contemporary Folk Album. Cash wrote that his reception at the 1994 Glastonbury Festival was one of the most important things in his career. This is the beginning of a decade of music industry awards and commercial success. She works with Brooks & amp; Dunn contributed "Folsom Prison Blues" to the Red Hot Country AIDS benefit album produced by the Red Heat Organization. In the same album, he features Bob Dylan's favorite song "Forever Young."
Cash and his wife appeared in episodes from the television series. Quinn, Medical Woman. He also lent his voice to a cameo role in the episode of The Simpsons El Viaje Misterioso de Nuestro Jomer, as the Space Coyote that guides Homer Simpson in spiritual pursuits.
In 1996, Cash enlisted the accompaniment of Tom Petty and Heartbreakers and released Unchained (also known as American Recordings II ), which won the Grammy Best Country Album in 1998. The album manufactured by Rick Rubin with Sylvia Massy engineering and mixing. The majority of "Unchained" are recorded at Sound City Studios and feature guest appearances by Lindsay Buckingham, Mick Fleetwood, and Marty Stuart. Believing he did not adequately explain himself in his 1975 Man in Black autobiography, he wrote Cash: The Autobiography in 1997.
Recent years
In 1997, Cash was diagnosed with the neurodegenerative disease of Shy-Drager syndrome, a form of multiple system atrophy. According to biographer Robert Hilburn, the disease was initially misdiagnosed as Parkinson's disease, and Cash even announced to his listeners that he had Parkinson's after nearly collapsing on stage in Flint, Michigan, on October 25, 1997. Soon after, his diagnosis was changed to Shy- Drager, and Cash were told he had about 18 months to live. The diagnosis is then changed again into an autonomic neuropathy associated with diabetes. The illness forced Cash to restrict his tour. He was hospitalized in 1998 with severe pneumonia, which damaged his lungs.
During the last stage of his career, Cash released albums American III: Solitary Man (2000) and American IV: The Man Comes Around (2002). American IV including cover songs by some 20th century rock artists, especially "Hurt" by Nine Inch Nails and "Personal Jesus" by Depeche Mode. Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails commented that he was initially skeptical about Cash's plan to cover up "Hurt", but was subsequently impressed and moved by the rendition. The videos for "Hurt" have been critically acclaimed and popular, including the Grammy award.
June Carter Cash died on May 15, 2003, at the age of 73. June has told Cash to keep working, so he continues to record, finish 60 more songs in the last four months of his life, and even do some surprise shows at Carter Family Fold outside Bristol, Virginia. On July 5, 2003, the concert (his last public show), before singing "Ring of Fire", Cash read the statement about his late wife who had written just before taking the stage:
The June spirit of Carter shadows me tonight with the love he has for me and the love I have for him. We are connected somewhere between here and Heaven. He came for a short visit, I think, from Heaven to visit me tonight to give me the courage and inspiration he always had. He never became one for me except courage and inspiration. I thank God for June Carter. I love her with all my heart.
Cash continued to record until some time before his death. His final recording was made on August 21, 2003, and consisted of "Like the 309", which appeared on American V: A Hundred Highways in 2006, and the last song he completed, "Engine 143", which recorded for his son John Carter Cash for a planned Carter Family tribute album.
Death
While hospitalized at Baptist Hospital in Nashville, Cash died of a diabetic complication at about 2:00 pm CT on 12 September 2003, aged 71 - less than four months after his wife. It was suggested that his health was deteriorating due to a broken heart over June's death. She is buried next to his wife at Hendersonville Memory Gardens near her home in Hendersonville, Tennessee.
In June 2005, Cash's lakeside house at Caudill Drive in Hendersonville was put up for sale by its property. In January 2006, the house was sold to Bee Gees vocalist, Barry Gibb and his wife Linda, and was given the title to their Florida limited company for $ 2.3 million. The listing agent is Cash's younger brother, Tommy. On April 10, 2007, during a massive renovation carried out for Gibb, a fire broke out at home, spreading rapidly due to the combustible wood preservative that had been used. The building was completely burned down.
One of Cash's last collaborations with producer Rick Rubin, American V: A Hundred Highways, was released posthumously on July 4, 2006. The album debuted at # 1 on Billboard Top 200 album charts for the week ending July 22, 2006. On February 23, 2010, three days before the 78th Cash, Cash Family, Rick Rubin and Lost Highway Records birthdays released their second posthumous album, titled American VI: No Graveyard .
Religious belief
Cash was raised by his parents in the South Baptist Christian denomination. He was baptized in 1944 on the River Tyronza as a member of the Dyess Central Baptist Church, Arkansas.
A troubled but godly Christian, Cash has been characterized as "the lens through which to see American contradictions and challenges." On May 9, 1971, he answered the altar call at Evangel Temple, a congregation of the Lord's congregation pastored by Jimmy R. Snow (Hank Snow's son) with outreach to people in the music world.
A biblical scholar, Cash wrote a Christian novel, Man in White in 1986 and in an introduction to writing about a reporter who, interested in Cash's religious beliefs, questioned whether the book was written from a Baptist, Catholic, or Jewish perspective. Cash refused the answer to the book's view and his own book, and replied, "I'm a Christian, do not put me in another box."
In the mid-seventies, Cash and his wife, June, completed a Bible study course through Christian International Bible College. Cash is often done in Billy Graham Crusades. At the Tallahassee Crusade in 1986, June and Johnny sang the song, "One of Today I'll Sit and Talk With Paul." In a remarkable performance in Arkansas in 1989, Johnny Cash spoke to the participants about his commitment to the safety of drug traffickers and alcoholics. He then sang, "Family Bible."
He made a recording of the spoken word of the entire New James King Version of the New Testament. Cash claims he's the "biggest sinner of them all", and views himself as a whole as a complicated and contradictory man. Thus, Kas is said to have "contains many people," and has been considered "the philosopher-prince of American country music."
Cash is credited with converting actor and singer John Schneider to Christianity.
Legacy
Cash's daughter Rosanne (by Vivian Liberto's first wife) and her son John Carter Cash (by June Carter Cash) are famous musicians in their own right.
The artists are fostered and advocated with cash (like Bob Dylan) on the fringe of what is accepted in country music even while serving as the most visible symbol in the country of music. At the all-star concert that aired in 1999 on TNT, various artist groups paid tribute to him, including Dylan, Chris Isaak, Jean Wyclef, Norah Jones, Krisdayanti, Willie Nelson, Dom DeLuise and U2. Cash itself appears at the end and is done for the first time in more than a year. Two tribute albums were released shortly before his death; Kindred Spirits contains works by famous artists, while Dressed in Black contains works by many lesser-known musicians. In total, he wrote over 1,000 songs and released dozens of albums. A set of boxes titled Unearthed was published posthumously. These include four unreleased material CDs recorded with Rubin as well as the Best of Cash on American Retrospective CD . This set also includes a 104-page book that covers each song and displays one of Cash's final interviews.
In recognition of SOS Children's Villages' lifelong support, his family invited friends and fans to donate to the Johnny Cash Memorial Fund in his memory. He has a personal relationship with the village of SOS in Diessen, on Lake Ammersee in southern Germany, near where he is stationed as GI, and with SOS village in Barrett Town, by Montego Bay, near his home in Jamaica.
In 1999, Cash received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2004, Rolling Stone rated No. Money. 31 on the list of "100 Greatest Artists of All Time" and No. 21 on their "100 Greatest Singers" list in 2010. In 2012, Rolling Stone rated the live album of 1968 Cash In Folsom Prison and 1994 studio album Records of America at No. 88 and No. 366 in the list of 500 greatest albums of all time.
The main street in Hendersonville, Tennessee, Highway 31E, is known as "Johnny Cash Parkway."
The Johnny Cash Museum, located at one of the Cash properties in Hendersonville until 2006, was nicknamed House of Cash , sold on the basis of Cash's wish. Prior to this, it has been closed for several years, the museum has been featured in the music video Cash for "Hurt." The house was then burned during the renovation by the new owner. A new museum, founded by Shannon and Bill Miller, opens on April 26, 2013, in downtown Nashville.
On 2-4 November 2007, the Johnny Cash Flower Pickin Festival was held in Starkville, Mississippi, where Cash was arrested more than 40 years earlier and held overnight in city prison on May 11, 1965. This incident inspired Cash to write the song "Starkville City Jail ". The festival, where he was offered a symbolic pardon of forgiveness, honors Cash's life and music and is expected to become an annual event.
JC Unit One, Johnny Cash's private tour bus from 1980 to 2003, was exhibited at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum in Cleveland, Ohio, in 2007. The museum offers a seasonal bus tour on a seasonal basis (it is kept during the summer months cold and not on display during those times).
The limited edition Forever Seals to honor the cash goes on sale on June 5, 2013. This stamp displays a cash promotional image taken around the 1963 release "Ring of Fire: The Best of Johnny Cash The Undertaker uses a Cash version of" Ain 't No Grave "at WrestleMania XXVII as the theme of its entrance.
On October 14, 2014, The City of Folsom introduced Stage 1 of the Johnny Cash Trail to the public with a dedication and ribbon-cutting ceremony attended by Roseanne Cash. Along the way, eight public works of art greater than life will tell the story of Johnny Cash, his relationship with Folsom Prison, and his epic music career. Johnny Cash Trail features art selected by committees that include Cindy Cash, 2-acre (0.81Ã, ha) Legacy Park, and more than 3 miles (4.8 km) multi-use Class-I bicycle paths. The artists responsible for the statues are Romo Studios, LLC based in Sacramento and Fine Art Studio Rotblatt Amrany, from Illinois.
By 2015, a new species of black tarantula is identified near Folsom Prison and is named Aphonopelma johnnycashi in his honor.
In 2016, the Nashville Sounds Little Baseball Baseball team added "Country Legends Race" for inter-round entertainment. In the middle of the fifth inning, the men in a large foam caricature costume depicting Cash, as well as George Jones, Reba McEntire and Dolly Parton, raced around the warning tracks at First Tennessee Park from the center court to the home plate's first base break.
Johnny Cash Heritage Festival is held in Dyess, Arkansas on 19-21 October 2017. The festival will be built at a four-year music festival at the Arkansas State University campus in Jonesboro. The festival honors Johnny Cash and explores New Deal programs that shape his childhood in Dyess, Arkansas. The festival includes concerts in the field adjacent to Cash Home and Arkansas music roots at Circle Colony.
On February 8, 2018, the album Forever Words was announced, putting the music into poetry written by Cash and published in book form in 2016.
Johnny Cash's childhood home in Dyess, Arkansas is listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 2, 2018 as "Farm No. 266, Johnny Cash Boyhood Home."
Depictions
Country singer Mark Collie plays Kas in the award-winning 1999 short film John Lloyd Miller I Still Miss Someone .
In November 2005, Walk the Line , a biopic about the life of Cash, was released in the United States for commercial success and critical acclaim. The film features Joaquin Phoenix as Johnny (whom he nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor) and Reese Witherspoon as June (which he won an Academy Award for Best Actress). Phoenix and Witherspoon also won the Golden Globe for Best Actor in Musical or Best Comedy and Actress in Musical or Comedy, respectively. They both featured their own vocals in the movie (with their "Jackson" version released as singles), and Phoenix learned to play the guitar for the role. Phoenix received a Grammy Award for its contribution to the soundtrack. John Carter Cash, Johnny's son and June, serve as executive producers.
On March 12, 2006, Ring of Fire, a jukebox musical from Cash Oeuvre, debuted on Broadway at Ethel Barrymore Theater but was closed due to rude reviews and disappointing sales on April 30th. Million Dollar Quartet, a musical depicting the early Sun recording sessions involving Cash, Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis and Carl Perkins, debuted on Broadway on April 11, 2010. Actor Lance Guest described Cash. The musical was nominated for three awards at the 2010 Tony Awards and won one.
Robert Hilburn, a veteran Los Angeles Times pop critic, a journalist who accompanied Cash on the Folsom 1968 prison tour, and interviewed Cash many times throughout his life including months before his death, published a 688 page biography with 16 pages of photos in 2013. Carefully reported biographies are said to have filled in 80 percent of Cash's unknown lives, including details about Cash battles with addiction and infidelity. The book is reported to hold no detail about the dark side of Johnny Cash and includes details of his affair with his pregnant wife, June, Carter's sister.
Awards and honors
Cash received several State Music Association Awards, Grammy and other awards, in categories ranging from vocal and oral performances to album and video notes. In a career spanning nearly five decades, where he rose to the iconic status of the recording industry, Kas is the country music personification for many people around the world. Cash is a musician who is not determined by a single genre. He recorded songs that could be considered rock and roll, blues, rockabilly, folk, and gospel, and influenced each genre.
Its diversity is evidenced by its presence in five major music hall fame: the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame (1977), the Country Music Hall of Fame (1980), the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (1992), GMA's Gospel Music Hall of Fame (2010) and Memphis Music Hall of Fame (2013). Cash is the only country music artist to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a "player", unlike other member states, who were sworn in as "early influences".
His contribution to this genre has been recognized by the Rockabilly Hall of Fame. Cash received by the Kennedy Center Honors in 1996 and stated that its induction into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1980 was his greatest professional achievement. In 2001, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts. "Hurt" was nominated for six VMAs at the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards. The only VMA that the video won was for Best Cinematography. With the video, Johnny Cash became the oldest artist ever nominated for the MTV Video Music Award. Justin Timberlake, who won Best Video of the year for "Cry Me a River," said in his acceptance speech: "This is a travesty I demand a recount My grandfather raised me in Johnny Cash, and I think he deserves this more than anyone any of us here tonight. "
Discography
Movieography
Works published
- Man in Black: The Own Story in His Own Words , Zondervan, 1975; ISBN: 99924-31-58-X
- Man in White , a novel about the Apostle Paul, HarperCollins, 1986; ISBN: 0-06-250132-1
- Cash: The Autobiography , with Patrick Carr, HarperCollins, 1997; ISBN 978-0-06-101357-7
- Johnny Cash Reading the New Testament , Thomas Nelson, 2011; ISBN 978-1-4185-4883-4
- Recorded by Johnny Cash , edited by Tara's daughter, 2014; ISBN 978-0-930677-03-9
- People Carrying Cash: Saul Holiff, Johnny Cash, and Icon Making America by Julie Chadwick, Dundurn Press, 2017; ISBN 978-1-459737-23-5
Note
References
Bibliography
Further reading
- Jonathan Silverman, Nine Electives: Johnny Cash and American Culture, Amherst: University of Massachusetts, 2010, ISBNÃ, 1-55849-826-5
- Graeme Thomson, Johnny Cash Resurrection: Hurt, Redemption, and American Recordings , Jawbone Press, ISBN 978-1-906002-36-7
- Christopher S. Wren, Johnny Cash: Winner Got Wounds, Too , Abacus Edition, ISBN 0-349-13740-4
- Robert Hilburn, Johnny Cash: The Life , Back Bay Books, New York: Little Brown and Company, 2013, ISBN 978-0-316-19474-7 (pb)
External links
- Official website
- Johnny Music's Johnny Cash website
- Johnny Cash at EncyclopÃÆ'Â|dia Britannica
-
"Inductee Johnny Cash", Candidate , Hit Parade Hall of Fame, archived from the original on January 6, 2008 Ã, . - Johnny Cash at AllMusic
- Johnny Cash on IMDb
- "Johnny Cash". Find Grave . Retrieved November 30, 2013 .
- Johnny Cash profile at martinguitar.com
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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