Richmond, Virginia

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Richmond ( "English respelling pronunciation"> RICH -m? nd ) is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia in United States of America. It is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) and the Greater Richmond Region. It was founded in 1742, and has been an independent city since 1871.

At the 2010 census, the population was 204,214; by 2016, the population is estimated to be 223,170, the fourth most populous city in Virginia. The Richmond Metropolitan Region has a population of 1,260,029, the third most populous metro in the state.

Richmond is located on the James River line, 44 miles (71 km) west of Williamsburg, 66 miles (106 km) east of Charlottesville, and 98 miles (158 km) south of Washington, DC Surrounded by Henrico and Chesterfield county, the city is located at the intersection of the Interstate 95 and Interstate 64, and is surrounded by Interstate 295 and Virginia State Route 288. Main suburbs include Midlothian to southwest, Chesterfield to the south, Varina to the southeast, Sandston to the east, Glen Allen to the north and west, Short Pump to the west and Mechanicsville to the northeast.

The Richmond site has been an important village of the Powhatan Confederation, and was briefly completed by British colonists from Jamestown in 1609, and in 1610-1611. The city of Richmond is now established in 1737. It became the capital of Colonies and Dominion of Virginia in 1780, replacing Williamsburg. During the Revolutionary War, several important events took place in the city, including Patrick Henry's speech "Give me freedom or give me death" in 1775 at St. John's Church. John, and the passing of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom written by Thomas Jefferson. During the American Civil War, Richmond served as the second and permanent capital of the Confederate States. The city is entering the 20th century with one of the first successful electric tram systems in the world. The Jackson Ward neighborhood is an African-American trading and cultural center.

Richmond's economy is primarily driven by law, finance, and government, with federal, state and local government agencies, as well as a well-known law and banking firm, located downtown. The city is home to the US Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, one of 13 United States appeals courts, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, one of 12 Federal Reserve Banks. Dominion Resources and WestRock, the Fortune 500 company, are headquartered in the city, with others in the metropolitan area.

Video Richmond, Virginia

History

The colonial era

After the first English-speaking permanent settlement was founded in April 1607, in Jamestown, Virginia, Captain Christopher Newport took the explorers northwest into the James River, to an area populated by Native American Powhatan.

In 1737, William Byrd II's planter commissioned Major William Mayo to lay down the original city network. Byrd named the city "Richmond" after the city of Richmond in England near (and now part of) London, because the view of the River James is very similar to the view of the River Thames of Richmond Hill in England, where he spent time during his youth. The settlement was arranged in April 1737, and was founded as a city in 1742.

Revolution

In 1775, Patrick Henry delivered his famous speech, "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death" at St. John in Richmond, who was vital to decide Virginia's participation in the First Continental Congress and to organize the course of the revolution and independence. On April 18, 1780, the nation's capital was moved from the colonial capital of Williamsburg to Richmond, to provide a more centralized location for the increasingly populated Virginia population in the west, as well as to isolate the capital from British assaults. The last motif proved futile, and in 1781, under the command of Benedict Arnold, Richmond was burned by British troops, causing Governor Thomas Jefferson to flee when the Virginia militia, led by Sampson Mathews, defended the city.

Initial United States

Richmond recovered quickly from the war, and in 1782 it once again became a thriving city. In 1786, the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (compiled by Thomas Jefferson, 1743-1826) was passed in the temporary parliament building in Richmond, providing the basis for the separation of church and state, a key element in the development of religious freedom. in the United States. The permanent home for a new government, the Greek Awakening style of the Virginia State Capitol building, was designed by Thomas Jefferson with the help of Charles-Louis Clà © risseau, and was completed in 1788.

After the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), Richmond emerged as an important industrial center. To facilitate the removal of cargo from the flat bottom of the James River above the line to sailing ships at the sea below, the enterprising George Washington helped design the James River and Kanawha Canal from Westham east to Richmond, in the 18th century to cut the Jeram Richmond on the upper James River with the intention of providing a water route across the Appalachian Mountains to the Kanawha River that flows west to Ohio and then finally to the Mississippi River. The legacy of a boat boat is represented by a figure at the center of the city's flag. As a result of this and sufficient access to hydropower due to waterfalls, Richmond is home to some of the country's largest manufacturing facilities, including ironwork and flour mills, the largest facility of their kind in The South. The resistance to the slave trade grew in the mid-nineteenth century; in a famous case in 1848, Henry "Box" Brown made history by making himself nailed into a small box and sent from Richmond through Baltimore Street President Station to the north in Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad (popular "Underground Railroad" route to escape from a disguised slave) to the abolitionist in Philadelphia, in the free state of Pennsylvania, fleeing from slavery. In 1850, Richmond was linked by the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad to Port Walthall, where ships carrying more than 200 tonnes of cargo can connect to Baltimore or Philadelphia or passenger liners can reach Norfolk, Virginia via the Hampton Roads port. Richmond is connected to the North at Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in the nineteenth century which was later replaced by, CSXT.

Civil War

On April 17, 1861, five days after the Confederate offensive in Fort Sumter, the state legislature voted to separate from the United States and join the new United States Confederation. The official action came in May, after the Confederation promised to move its national capital from a temporary home in Montgomery, Alabama to Richmond. The city is located at the end of a long supply line, which makes it difficult to defend, requiring most of the Northern Virginia Army and arguably the Confederate's best troop and commander. This became the main target of Union forces, especially in campaigns 1862 and 1864-65.

In addition to government offices and hospitals of Virginia and Confederation, a railroad center, and one of the largest slave markets, Richmond has the largest iron and steel foundry plant during the war, Tredegar Iron Works, which produces artillery and other ammunition, including 723 tonnes steel plating covering CSS Virginia (the former salvage vessel saved USSÃ, Merrimack ), the world's first tight warship used in the war, as well as many of the Confederate's heavy weaponry machines. The United Confederation Congress shared a place with the Virginia General Assembly at Virginia State Capitol designed by Jefferson, with the executive mansion of the Confederacy, known as the "Confederate White House", located two blocks away on Clay Street. The Seven Day Battle was followed in late June and early July 1862, in which Chief General-in-Chief George B. McClellan threatened to take Richmond in the Peninsula campaign but ultimately failed.

Three years later, when March 1865 came to an end, Richmond became untenable after nearby Petersburg and some railway supply lines remained in the south and southwest of the damaged. On March 25, the despairing attack of Confederate General John B. Gordon against Fort Stedman east of Petersburg failed. On April 1, the Federal Cavalry General Philip Sheridan, assigned to intervene the Southside Railroad, met a brigade commanded by General General George Pickett at the Five Forks intersection, destroyed them, carried thousands of prisoners, and encouraged the General Chairman of Ulysses S Grant to order a public face. When the Union Sixth Corps broke through the Confederate line at Boydton Plank Road south of Petersburg, Confederate victims exceeded 5,000, or about a tenth of General Lee's army. Lee then told President Jefferson Davis that he would evacuate Richmond.

Davis and his cabinet, along with the Treasury government and gold archives, left the city by train that night, when government officials burned documents and left the Confederate army burning tobacco and other warehouses to deny the contents to the winners. On April 2, 1865, General Godfrey Weitzel, commander of the 25th Corps of the United States of Color Forces, received the city's handover from the Mayor and a group of prominent citizens who remained. Union forces finally succeeded in stopping the raging fire but about 25% of the city's buildings were destroyed.

President Abraham Lincoln visited General Grant in Petersburg on April 3, and took the launch to Richmond to the James River the next day, while Jefferson Davis sought to organize the remainder of his Confederate government further southwest in Danville. Lincoln met the assistant secretary of the War Confederation of John A. Campbell, and submitted a record inviting Virginia state legislators to end their insurrection. After Campbell turned the note to the Confederate legislator as a possible end to the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln canceled his offer and ordered General Weitzel to prevent the former Confederate state legislature from meeting. Union troops killed, wounded or captured 8,000 Confederate troops at Sayler Creek southwest of Petersburg on April 6, as the south continues to retreat southwestward. General Lee continued to reject the suggestions of General Grant's submission until Sheridan's infantry and cavalry moved around the diminishing Northern Virginia Army and appeared in front of his retreating troops on April 8, cutting the retreat line further south-west. He handed over the remaining 10,000 of his troops at the Appomattox General Grant Court meeting the following morning at McLean's House. Davis was arrested on May 10 near Irwinville, Georgia and brought back to Virginia, where he was jailed for two years at Fort Monroe until bailed out.

Postbellum

Richmond emerged a decade after the burning Civil War debris to continue its position as an economic powerhouse, with iron front buildings and large brick factories. The canal traffic culminated in the 1860s and slowly gave way to the railroad tracks, allowing Richmond to become a major railroad junction, eventually including the world's first three rail crossing site. Warehousing and processing of tobacco continue to play a role, driven by the world's first cigarette roller machine, created by James Albert Bonsack of Roanoke in 1880/81. Contributing to Richmond's rise is the first successful electric-powered trolley system in the United States, Richmond Richmond Passenger Train. Designed by power pioneer Frank J. Sprague, the trolley system opened its first channel in 1888, and an electric tramway quickly spread to other cities across the country. The Sprague system uses top wires and trolleys to collect currents, with an electric motor on a car truck. In Richmond, the transition from tram to bus began in May 1947 and was completed on 25 November 1949.

20th century

At the beginning of the 20th century, the city's population had reached 85,050 in 5 square miles (13 km ² ), making it the most populous city in the Southern United States. In 1900, the Census Bureau reported the Richmond population as 62.1% white and 37.9% black. The freed slaves and their descendants created a thriving African-American business community, and the historic city of Jackson Ward became known as "Wall Street of Black America." In 1903, African-American businesswoman and financier Maggie L. Walker chartered St. Luke Penny Savings Bank, and serving as its first president, as well as the president of the first female bank in the United States. Today, the bank is called the Consolidated Bank and Trust Company, and is the oldest surviving African-American bank in the US. Other numbers from now include John Mitchell, Jr. In 1910, the former city of Manchester was consolidated with the city. Richmond, and in 1914, the city annexed Barton Heights, Ginter Park, and Highland Park in Henrico County. In May 1914, Richmond became the headquarters of the Fifth District of the Federal Reserve Bank.

Several major performing arts venues were built during the 1920s, including what is now Landmark Theater, Byrd Theater, and the Carpenter Theater. The city's first radio station, WRVA, began broadcasting in 1925. WTVR-TV (CBS 6), the first television station in Richmond, was the first television station to the south of Washington, D.C.

Between 1963 and 1965, there was a "booming city center" that led to the construction of more than 700 buildings in the city. In 1968, Virginia Commonwealth University was founded by the merging of the Medical College of Virginia with the Richmond Professional Institute. In 1970, the Richmond border was expanded with an additional 27 square miles (70 km ² ) in the south. After several years of court cases in which Chesterfield County fought annexation, more than 47,000 people who had been inhabitants of Chesterfield County found themselves within the city limits on January 1, 1970. In 1996, tensions still arose amid the controversy involved in placing the statue from Native African American Richmond and tennis star Arthur Ashe to a series of General Civil Confederate statues on Monument Avenue. After several months of controversy, Ashe's bronze statue finally finished on Monument Avenue facing the opposite direction of the Confederate General on July 10, 1996.

The multimillion dollar flood wall was completed in 1995, to protect the lowland areas of the city from the often-rising waters of the James River. As a result, the River District business is growing rapidly, and this area is now home to Richmond's many entertainment, dining and nightlife activities, supported by the creation of Canal Walk along the industry's earlier canals in the city.

Maps Richmond, Virginia

Geography and climate

Richmond is located on 37Ã, Â ° 32? N 77 Â ° 28? W (37.538, -77.462). According to the US Census Bureau, the city has a total area of ​​62 square miles (160 km ² ), of which 60 square miles (160 km ² ) is ground and 2.7 miles square (7.0 km ² ) of it (4.3%) is water. It is located in the Piedmont area of ​​Virginia, at the highest navigational point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low hills, and lies between low, flat Tidewater areas and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant water bodies in the region include the James River, Appomattox River, and Chickahominy River.

The Metropolitan Richmond-Petersburg (MSA) Metropolitan Statistics Area, the 44th largest in the United States, covers the independent cities of Richmond, Colonial Heights, Hopewell, and Petersburg, as well as the Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, New Kent, Powhatan, and Prince George. As of July 1, 2009, the total population of Richmond - Petersburg MSA is 1,258,251.

Cityscape

The original road network of Richmond, laid out in 1737, includes an area between what is now Broad, 17 and 25th Streets and the James River. Modern Downtown Richmond is located a little further west, on the slopes of Shockoe Hill. Nearby environments include Shockoe Bottom, a historically significant and low-lying area between Shockoe Hill and Church Hill, and Monroe Ward, which contains the Jefferson Hotel. Richmond's East End includes an environment like Hill Church which is very gentrifying, home to the Church of St.. John, as well as poorer areas like Fulton, Union Hill, and Fairmont, and public housing projects such as Mosby Court, Whitcomb Court, Fairfield Court and Creighton Court closer. to Interstate 64.

The area between Belvidere Street, Interstate 195, Interstate 95, and the river, which includes Virginia Commonwealth University, is socioeconomically and architecturally diverse. North of Broad Street, the Carver and Newtowne West neighborhoods are demographically similar to the adjacent Jackson Ward, with Carver undergoing some gentrification due to its proximity to VCU. The prosperous area between Boulevard, Main Street, Broad Street and VCU, known as the Fan, is home to Monument Avenue, an amazing collection of Victorian architecture, and many students. West of the Boulevard is the Museum District, the Virginia Historical Society and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The South of the Downtown Expressway is Byrd Park, Maymont, Hollywood Cemetery, Black-dominated Randolph working class neighborhood, and white working class Oregon Hill. Cary Street between Interstate 195 and Boulevard is a popular commercial area called Carytown.

Richmond's Northside is home to many of the historic districts listed. Environments such as Chestnut Hill-Plateau and Barton Heights began to flourish in the late 19th century when the new tram system allowed people to live in the suburbs and still headed home to work downtown. Other notable North environments include Azalea, Barton Heights, Bellevue, Chamberlayne, Ginter Park, Highland Park, and Rosedale.

Further west is the prosperous suburban West End. Windsor Farm is one of the most famous parts. The West End also includes low-income neighborhoods, such as Laurel, Farmington, and the area around Regency Mall. The more affluent areas include Glen Allen, the Short Pump, and the Tuckahoe area away from the Regency Mall, all of which can be found in the north and northwest of the city. The University of Richmond and Country Club of Virginia can be found here as well, which is located just inside the City Limits.

Part of the town south of the James River is known as Southside. The neighborhoods in the Southside area of ​​the city range from the affluent and intermediate suburbs of Westover Hills, Forest Hill, Southampton, Stratford Hills, Oxford, Huguenot Hills, Hobby Hill, and Woodland Heights to poor Manchester and Blackwell areas, Hillside Court housing projects, and corridors commercial Jefferson Davis Highway is sick. Other Southern neighborhoods include Fawnbrook, Broad Rock, Cherry Gardens, Cullenwood and Beaufont Hills. Many of Southside developed suburban characters as part of Chesterfield County before being annexed by Richmond, especially in 1970.

Climate

Richmond has a humid subtropical climate (KÃÆ'¶ppen Cfa ), with hot and humid summers and generally cool for mild winters. The mountains in the west act as a partial barrier to cold outbreaks, continental air in winter; Arctic air was delayed long enough to be modified, then warmed further as it subsided in its approach to Richmond. The open waters of the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean contribute to a mild and mild winter summer. The coldest weather usually occurs from late December to early February, and the average daily temperature for January is 37.9 ° F (3.3 ° C), with an average of 6.0 days with the highest at or below the freezing mark. The downtown area and the suburbs east of Richmond are located in the USDA Hardiness 7b zone while the suburban and rural areas to the west are in the Difficult Zone 7a. and the temperature is rarely lower to 0 Â ° F (-18 Â ° C), with the latest subzero readings (Â ° F) occurring on January 7, 2018, when the temperature reaches -3 Â ° F (-19 Â ° C)). The average daily temperature for July is 79.3 ° F (26.3 ° C), and high temperatures reach or exceed 90 ° F (32 ° C) about 43 days per year; while temperatures of 100Ã, Â ° F (38Ã, Â ° C) are not uncommon, they do not occur every year. Extremes in temperatures had ranged from -12 Â ° F (-24 Â ° C) on 19 January 1940 to 107 Â ° F (42 Â ° C) on 6 August 1918. The cold maximum daily record was 11 Â ° F (-12 Â ° C), set for February 11 and 12, 1899, while, on the other hand, the minimum minimum daily note is 81 Â ° F (27 Â ° C), set on July 12, 2011.

Rainfall is quite evenly throughout the year. However, dry periods that last several weeks do occur, especially in autumn when long periods of pleasant and light weather are the most common. There is considerable variability in the monthly total number from year to year so that no single month can be relied upon to become normal. Snow has been recorded for seven of the twelve months. Falling 4 inches (10 cm) or more in 24 hours occurs on average once per year. However, annual snowfall is usually mild, averaging 10.5 inches (27 cm) per season. Snow usually stays on the ground only one or two days at a time, but remains for 16 days in 2010 (30 January - 14 February). Ice storms (freezing rain or glaze) are not uncommon, but they are rarely severe enough to do any significant damage.

The James River reaches a tidewater in Richmond where floods can occur in every month of the year, most often in March and at least in July. Tropical storms and storms have caused most floods during the summer and early fall. The storm passing near Richmond has produced heavy rain. In 1955, three storms brought rain records to Richmond in a six-week period. The most important of these are Hurricane Connie and Hurricane Diane who carry heavy rains five days apart. And in 2004, the downtown area suffered extensive flood damage after the remnants of Huronane Gaston were dumped to 12 inches (300 mm) of rainfall.

A devastating storm occurs mainly from snow and freezing rain in winter and from hurricanes, tornadoes, and severe lightning storms in other seasons. Damage may be caused by wind, flood, or rain, or from any combination. Tornadoes are rare but several important events have been observed in the Richmond region.

Based on the period 1981-2010, the average first occurrence at or below freezing temperatures in the fall is November 4 and the last average event in spring is 5 April.

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Demographics

At the 2010 US Census, there were 204,214 people living in the city. 50.6% are Black or African American, 40.8% White, 5.0% Asian, 0.3% Native Americans, 0.1% Pacific Islands, 3.6% of some other races and 2.3% of two races or more. 6.3% are Hispanic or Latino (of any race).

In the 2000 census, there were 197,790 people, 84,549 households, and 43,627 families living in the city. Population density was 3,292.6 people per square mile (1,271.3 km/²). There are 92,282 housing units with an average density of 1,536.2 per square mile (593.1/km²). City racial makeup is 57.2% African American, 38.3% White, 0.2% Native Americans, 1.3% Asia, 0.1% Pacific Island, 1.5% of other races, and 1.5 % of two or more races. Hispanic or Latino from any race is 2.6% of the population.

There are 84,549 households where 23.1% have children under 18 living with them, 27.1% are married couples living together, 20.4% have female households without husband's presence, and 48.4% are not family. 37.6% of all households are individual and 10.9% have a living person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the city, the age distribution of the population showed 21.8% under the age of 18, 13.1% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% 65 years or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there are 87.1 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there are 83.5 men.

The average income for households in the city is $ 31,121, and the average income for families is $ 38,348. Men have an average income of $ 30,874 compared to $ 25,880 for women. The per capita income for the city is $ 20,337. Approximately 17.1% of families and 21.4% of the population are below the poverty line, including 32.9% of those under the age of 18 and 15.8% of those aged 65 and older.

Crime

During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Richmond experienced a surge in overall crime, in particular, the rate of city murder. The city has 93 murders for 1985, with a murder rate of 41.9 murders committed per 100,000 inhabitants. Over the next decade, the city experienced a massive increase in total killings. In 1990 there were 114 murders, with murder rates of 56.1 murders per 100,000 inhabitants. There were 120 murders in 1995, resulting in a murder rate of 59.1 murders per 100,000 inhabitants, one of the highest in the United States.

In 2004, Morgan Quitno Press placed Richmond as the ninth most dangerous (of 354) city in the United States. In 2005, Richmond was ranked fifth as the most dangerous city overall and the 12th most dangerous metropolitan area in the United States. The following year, Richmond saw a decline in crime, ranking as the 15th most dangerous city in the United States. In 2008, Richmond's position on the list fell to 49. By 2012, Richmond is no longer at the 'top' of 200.

Richmond's major crime rates, including violent crime and property, declined 47 percent between 2004 and 2009 to the lowest level in more than a quarter of a century. Various forms of crime tend to decline, but remain above the state and national averages. In 2008, the city recorded the lowest murder rate since 1971.

The FBI Uniform Crime Report for Richmond for 2013:

In recent years, as in many other American cities, Richmond has witnessed an increase in murder. The Richmond Times-Dispatch reported 61 murders in Richmond in 2016, marking it "the deadliest city of the year in a decade."

Religion

In 1786, the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, written in 1779 by Thomas Jefferson, was adopted by the Virginia General Assembly in Richmond. This site is now commemorated by First Freedom Center.

Richmond has several historic churches. Due to the early British colonial history from the early 17th century to 1776, Richmond has a number of prominent Anglican/Episcopal churches including the Monumental Church, St. Episcopal Church. Paul and St. Episcopal Church John. Methodist and Baptist made other parts of the early churches, and First Baptist Church of Richmond was the first, founded in 1780. In the tradition of the Reformed church, the first Presbyterian Church in Richmond City was the First Presbyterian Church, held in June. 18, 1812. On February 5, 1845, the Second Presbyterian Church in Richmond was founded, which is a historic church where Stonewall Jackson is present and is the first Gothic building and the first gas-lit church built in Richmond. The Church of St. Peter was ordained and became the first Catholic church in Richmond on May 25, 1834. It is also home to the historic Sacred Heart Cathedral which is the mother church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Richmond.

The first Jewish congregation in Richmond was Kahal Kadosh Beth Shalom. Kahal Kadosh Beth Shalom is the sixth hearing in the United States. In 1822 K.K. Beth Shalom members worshiped in the first synagogue building in Virginia. They eventually joined the Congregation of Beth Ahabah, a branch of Beth Shalom. There are two Orthodox Synagogues, Keneseth Beth Israel and Chabad of Virginia. There is a Yeshivah K-12 Orthodox school system known as the Rudlin Torah academy, which also includes a post-secondary program. There are two Conservative synagogues, Beth El and Or Atid. There are three Reformation synagogues, Kodesh Bonay, Beth Ahabah, and Or Ami. Together with such religious congregations, there are various other charitable, educational and social Jewish institutions, each serving the Jewish community and the general public. These include Weinstein Jewish Community Center, Jewish Family Service, Jewish Community, Richmond Federation and Richmond Jewish Foundation.

Due to the entry of German immigrants in the 1840s, the German Evangelical Church of St. John was formed in 1843. The Greek Orthodox Cathedral Saints Constantine and Helen held the first service in a rented room at 309 North 7th Street in 1917. The cathedral moved to 30 Malvern Avenue in 1960 and is listed as one of the two Eastern Orthodox churches in Richmond and home to the annual Richmond Greek Festival.

There are seven mosques today in the Greater Richmond area, with three more buildings today, accommodating a growing Muslim population, the first being the Bilal Mosque. In the 1950s, Muslims from the East End were organized under the Nation of Islam (NOI). They used to meet at Temple # 24 on North Avenue. After NOI split in 1975, Muslims who joined mainstream Islam, began meeting at Shabaaz Restaurant on Nine Mile Road. In 1976, Muslims were used to meet in a rented church. They tried to buy this church, but due to financial difficulties, the Muslims bought an old grocery store on Chimbarazoo Boulevard, the site of the Bilal Mosque now. Initially, the place was called "Masjid Muhammad # 24". Only in 1990 did Muslims change their name to "Bilal Mosque". Bilal Mosque was followed by Islamic Center of Virginia, ICVA mosque. ICVA was founded in 1973 as a non-profit tax-free organization. With aggressive fundraising, ICVA was able to buy land on Buford Street. The construction of a new mosque began in the early 1980s. The rest of the current five mosques in the Richmond area are the Islamic Center of Richmond (ICR) on the western end, the Umm Barakah Mosque in the second center of the city, the Greater Richmond Islamic Society (ISGR) at the western end, the Masjidullah on the north side, and the Ar-Rahman Mosque at the eastern end.

Hinduism is actively practiced, especially in the suburbs of Henrico and Chesterfield. About 6,000 families of Indian descent live in the Richmond Region in 2011. Hindus are served by several temples and cultural centers. The two best known are the Indian Cultural Center (CCI) located on Iron Bridge Road in Chesterfield County and the Virginia Center of Hindu in Henrico County that has garnered national fame and recognition to become the first LEED certified religious facility in the Commonwealth.

The seminary in Richmond includes: theological school at Virginia Union University; Presbyterian seminary, Union Seminary of Union Unity, and Baptist Theological Seminary in Richmond. The McCollough Theological Seminary of United House of Prayer For All People is located in Church Hill neighborhood in the city.

The bishops who sit in Richmond are included in the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia (largest denomination); Richmond Area of ​​United Methodist Church (Virginia Annual Conference), the second largest country and one of the oldest. Presbytery of the James - Presbyterian Church (USA) - also based in the Richmond area.

The Roman Catholic diocese in Richmond was founded canonically by Pope Pius VII on 11 July 1820. There are currently 235,816 Catholics in 146 parishes in Richmond diocese. The city of Richmond is home to 19 Catholic parishes. The Cathedral of the Sacred Heart is home to the current bishop, Most Reverend Francis Xavier DiLorenzo, who was appointed by Pope John Paul II on March 31, 2004.

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Economy

Richmond's strategic location on the James River, built on rolling hills on a rocky outline that separates Piedmont and Tidewater areas of Virginia, provides a natural nexus for trade development. For three centuries and three modes of transportation, the city center has always been central, with Great Turning Basin for ships, three railway crossings in the world, and intersections of two major interstates.

Law and finance have long been the driving forces of the economy. The city is home to the US Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, one of 13 United States appeals courts, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, one of 12 Federal Reserve Banks, as well as offices for international corporations such as Genworth Financial, CapitalOne, Philip Morris USA, and a number of other banks and brokers. Richmond is also home to four of the largest law firms in the United States: Hunton & amp; Williams, McGuireWoods, Williams Mullen, and LeClairRyan. Another law firm with Richmond's major presence is Troutman Sanders, who joins Mays & amp; Valentine LLP in 2001.

Since 1960, Richmond has been a prominent center for advertising and advertising-related businesses. One of Richmond's most famous agents is The Martin Agency, founded in 1965 and currently employs 500 people. As a result of the support of local advertising agencies, VCU graduate advertising schools (VCU Brandcenter) are consistently ranked 1st postgraduate ad program in the country.

Richmond is home to the booming Virginia BioTechnology Research Park, which opened in 1995 as an incubator facility for biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. Located adjacent to Virginia Medical University (MCV) The Virginia Commonwealth University campus, the park currently has over 575,000 square feet (53,400m ² ) of research, laboratory and office space for various corporate mixed tenants, research institutes , government laboratories and nonprofit organizations. United Network for Organ Sharing, which maintains a waiting list of organ transplants nation, occupies a building in the park. Philip Morris USA opened a $ 350 million research and development facility in the park in 2007. Once fully developed, park officials expect the site to employ some 3,000 scientists, technicians and engineers.

The revitalized Richmond city center includes Canal Walk, the new Greater Richmond Convention Center, and expansions on both VCU campuses. The new performing arts center, Richmond CenterStage, opened on 12 September 2009. The complex includes the renovation of the Carpenter Center and the construction of a new multipurpose building, community playhouse, and art education center in parts of the old Thalhimers department store.

Richmond is also quickly recognized for its food, with several restaurants in Fan, Church Hill, Jackson Ward and other places around town that generate regional and national attention for their rates. Departure magazine named Richmond "Next Big Food City" in August 2014. while Metzger Bar & amp; Butchery creates a list of "Best New Restaurants: 12 To Watch". Beer craft and liquor production also grow in River City, with twelve micro factories in the right city; The oldest is Legendary Brewery, founded in 1994. Three distilleries, Reservoir Distillery, Belle Isle Craft Spirits and James River Distillery, were established in 2010, 2013 and 2014, respectively.

In addition, Richmond gained the attention of the film and television industry, with several high profile films recorded in the metro area in recent years, including the Lincoln main film that guided the third Daniel Day-Lewis Oscar, Killing Kennedy with Rob Lowe, premiered on National Geographic Channel and Turn , starring Jamie Bell and airing on AMC. Richmond is the main filming location for the drama series PBS Mercy Street , which aired in Winter 2016. Several organizations, including the Virginia Film Office and Virginia Production Alliance, along with events such as the Richmond International Film Festival and the French Film Festival , continues to place film and media supporters into the region.

Fortune 500 company and other large companies

The Greater Richmond area was named the third best city for business by MarketWatch in September 2007, with ranks just behind the Minneapolis and Denver areas and just above Boston. This area is home to eight Fortune 500 companies: Dominion power utility resources; CarMax; Owens & amp; Minor; Genworth Financial; WestRock Company; Performance Food Group, Markel Corporation, and Altria Group. However, only Dominion Resources and WestRock Company are headquartered in Richmond City; the others are located in neighboring Henrico and Hanover. In 2008, Altria moved its headquarters from New York City to Henrico County, adding Fortune 500 companies to Richmond's list. In February 2006, MeadWestvaco announced that it would move from Stamford, Connecticut, to Richmond in 2008 with the help of the Greater Richmond Partnership, a regional economic development organization that also helped find Aditya Birla Minacs, Amazon.com, and Honeywell International, for the region. In July 2015, MeadWestvaco joined the Rock-Tenn Company based in Georgia and created WestRock Company.

Another Fortune 500 company, although not headquartered in the area, has a large presence. These include SunTrust Bank (based in Atlanta), Capital One Financial Corporation (officially based in McLean, Virginia, but founded in Richmond with operations centers and most employees in the Richmond area), and San Diego-based medical and pharmaceutical giants (based in San Francisco ). Capital One and Altria companies, Philip Morris USA are two of the largest private companies in Richmond. DuPont manages a production facility in South Richmond known as the Spruance Plant. UPS Freight, a UPS division that is less than truckload and formerly known as Overload Transport, has its corporate headquarters in Richmond.

Other companies based in Richmond include the NewMarket chemical company; Brink's, a security and armored car company; Estes Express Lines, freight trucks, Universal Corporation, tobacco merchants; Cavalier Telephone, now Windstream, telephone, internet, and digital television provider established at Richmond in 1998; Cherry Bekaert & amp; Holland, a top 30 accounting firm serving the Southeast; McGuireWoods law firm; and Media General, a company specializing in broadcast media.

Poverty

By 2016, 24.8% of Richmond's population lives below the federal poverty line, the second highest among the 30 largest cities and districts in Virginia. The Annie E. Casey Foundation report released in 2016 also stipulates that Richmond has a child poverty rate of 39%, more than double the rate for Virginia as a whole. By 2016, Richmond has the second highest rate of expulsion and assessment of expulsion from any American city with a population of 100,000 or more (in countries where complete data is available). Some Richmond neighborhoods, such as the Creighton Court public housing complex, are well known for their concentration of poverty.

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Art and culture

Museums and monuments

Some of the city's major public museums are located near the Boulevard. Right on the Boulevard is the Virginia Historical Society and the Virginia Fine Arts Museum, lending their name to what is sometimes called the Museum District. Nearby on Broad Street is the Science Museum of Virginia, housed in 1919 Broad Street Union Station neoclassical. Right next to it is the Richmond Children's Museum, and two blocks away, the Virginia Architectural Center. In the city center there is the Virginia Library and the Valentine Valentine Historical Center. Other places are the Virginia Holocaust Museum and the Old Dominion Railway Museum.

Richmond is home to museums and battlefields of the American Civil War. Near the river is the Richmond National Battlefield Park Visitors Center and the American Civil War Center at Historic Tredegar, both housed in the former Tredegar Iron Works building, where much of the armaments for the war were produced. In Court End, near Virginia State Capitol, is the Confederate Museum, along with Davis Mansion, also known as the Confederate White House; both of which display a variety of objects and materials of the era. The house while former General Robert E. Lee still stands on Franklin Street in downtown Richmond. The history of slavery and emancipation is also increasingly represented: there are traces of slaves along the river leading to the Ancarrow Boat and Historic Site which has been developed with interpretive signposts, and in 2007, the Reconciliation Statue was placed in Shockoe Bottom, with parallel statues stationed in Liverpool and Benin representing points of Trade Triangle.

Other points of interest include St. John's Church. John, famous Patrick Henry's famous speech "Give me freedom or give me death", and the Edgar Allan Poe Museum, featuring many other writings and artifacts in his life, especially when he lived in the city as a successful child, disciple and writer. John Marshall House, home of former US Supreme Court Justice, is also located in the center of the city and features many writings and objects from his life. Hollywood Cemetery is the burial place of two US Presidents as well as many Civil War officers and warriors. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives collects, stores and exhibits materials that focus on the history and culture of South Judaism specifically connected to Richmond, VA.

The city is home to many monuments and memorials, especially along Monument Avenue. Other monuments include the A.P. monument. Hill, Bill's monument "Bojangles" Robinson in Jackson Ward, Christopher Columbus monument near Byrd Park. Located near Byrd Park is the famous World War I Memorial Carillon, a 56 bell sack tower. Dedicated in 1956, the Virginia War Memorial is located in Belvedere overlooking the river, and is a monument to the Virginians who died in combat in World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Gulf War, the War in Afghanistan, and the Iraq War.

Agecroft Hall is a Tudor home and real estate located on the James River in Windsor's Windsor neighborhood. This noble house was built at the end of the 15th century, and was originally located in the Agecroft area in Pendlebury, in the historic area of ​​Lancashire in England.

Visual art and show

Richmond-related note musicians include Root Agents, Aimee Mann, Alabama Thunderpussy, Broadside, Carbon Leaves, Count Me Out, Cracker, D'Angelo, Denali, Down to Nothing, Engine Down, Four Walls Falling, Lamb of God, Lil Ugly Mane, City Manure, High City River, Sparklehorse, Strike Anywhere, and Fighting Gravity. Richmond is also home to GWAR, a heavy metal art group based in Scott's Addition warehouse.

Mural

The annual RVA Street Art Festival, a street art festival of mural artists and others, has been going on since 2013.

Professional-performing companies

From the early days, Virginia, and Richmond in particular, have welcomed live theater performances. From the early production of Lewis Hallam Shakespeare in Williamsburg, the focus shifted to the antebellum superiority of Richmond as the premier colonial and early 19th century venues for renowned American and British actors such as William Macready, Edwin Forrest, and the Booth family. In the 20th century, Richmonder's love of the theater continued with many amateur groups and regular professional production tours. In the 1960s a small revival or golden age accompanied the growth of professional dinner theater and theater coaching by the Museum of Virginia, culminating in the 1970s with the formation of the Equity Company resident at the Virginia Museum Theater (now Leslie Cheek) and the birth of Theater IV, a the company that continues to this day under the name Virginia Repertory Theater.

• The Virginia Repertory Theater is the largest professional theater organization in Central Virginia. It was made in 2012 when the Barksdale Theater and Theater IV, which has shared one staff for over a decade, merged into one company. With an annual budget of more than $ 5 million, the theater employs over 240 artists each year, presenting a season at the November Theater and Gym Theater in the Rep. Virginia Center, as well as production at Hanover Tavern and The Children's Theater at The Shops at Willow Lawn. The historic November Theater opened in 1911 as the Imperial Theater, offering stock shows and vaudeville. In 1915 it changed its name from the Empire to the Strand and continued under that name until it was damaged by fire in 1927. It reopened in 1933 as "Booker T," and served as a prominent black film building for years when Richmond was separated. It closed in 1974 and was unemployed until the real estate developer Mitchell Kambis saved and renovated it. Kambis restored the name of the Empire and in 1979 leased it to Keith Fowler, artistic director of the American Revels Company. Revels restores professional theater directly to downtown Richmond. Revels was replaced by Theater IV in 1984. On the 100th anniversary in 2011 the theater was restored further when Sara Belle and Neil November made a $ 2 million prize for Theater IV and Barksdale. [1] November now serves as Virginia Rep's headquarters and home and anchor Arts District. Currently under the leadership of Artistic Director Bruce Miller and Managing Director Phil Whiteway.
• Richmond Ballet, founded in 1957.
• The Richmond Triangle Players, founded in 1993, provide a theater program that explores themes of equality, identity, affection, and family throughout sexual orientation and the gender spectrum.
• Richmond Symphony
• Virginia Opera, Virginia Commonwealth Opera Official Company, was founded in 1974. Presents eight major stage performances each year at the Carpenter Theater.

Places and other companies

Other places and companies include:

• Altria Theater, the city's opera house.
• The Leslie Cheek Theater, after being abandoned for eight years, reopened in 2011 at the heart of the Virginia Fine Arts Museum at 200 N. Boulevard. The elegant 500-seater proscenium stage was built in 1955 to conform to the vision of museum director Leslie Cheek about a decent theater for an art institute. Operating for many years as the Virginia Museum Theater (VMT), he endorsed an amateur community theater under the direction of Robert Telford. When Cheek retired, he advised the guardian on the appointment of Keith Fowler in 1969 as head of the art division of theater and the artistic director of VMT. Fowler leads the theater to become the first theater resident of Actors Equity \ LORT, adding the main foreign writer and premiering of new American works to the treasury. Under his leadership, the VMT achieved a "golden age", gained international recognition, and doubled its subscription base. Successive artistic administration changed the name of the theater to "TheaterVirginia." The deficit led to Theater Virginia closing its doors in 2002. Now, renovated and renamed for its founder, Leslie Cheek returned the live performance to the VMFA and, while no longer supporting the resident company, it was available for theatrical and show special events. li>
• The National Theater is Richmond's premier music venue. It holds 1500 people and has shown regularly throughout the week. It opened the winter of 2007 and was built in 1923. It features a state-of-the-art V-DOSC sound system, only the sixth installed in the country and only the third installed on the East Coast.
• Richmond Visual Art Center, a nonprofit organization that is one of Virginia's largest non-government art learning centers, established in 1963. Serves 28,000 people every year.
• Richmond CenterStage, a performing arts center opened in Downtown Richmond in 2009 as part of a previous expansion of facilities. The complex includes a 1,700 seat Carpenter Theater renovation and the construction of a new multi-purpose hall, community playhouse and art education center in the old Thalhimers department store location.
• The Byrd Theater in Carytown, a movie palace from the 1920s featuring second-run movies, as well as the French Film Festival.
• Virginia Commonwealth University School of Arts, consistently ranked as one of the best in the country.
• Dogwood Dell, the amphitheater at Byrd Park, where the Richmond Department of Recreation and Parks presents the annual Arts Festival.
• SPARC (School of Performing Arts in the Richmond Community). SPARC was founded in 1981, and trains children to be "three threats," meaning they are equally experienced in singing, acting, and dancing. SPARC has become Virginia's largest community-based theater theater education program and offers classes for every age group, during the summer and throughout the year.
• Classic Amphitheater at Strawberry Hill, a former summer venue located at Richmond International Raceway.

Commercial art galleries include the Metro Space Gallery and Gallery 5 in the newly appointed art district. Nonprofit galleries include the Visual Arts Center of Richmond, 1708 Gallery, and Artspace.

In addition, in 2008, the new 47,000-square-foot Gay Community Center (4,400 m), in the center of the northern city, hosted numerous meetings, and included a large art gallery space..

Literary arts

Richmond has long been a center for literature and writers. Edgar Allan Poe is a child in town, and the oldest stone house in town is now a museum for his life and work. The Southern Literary Messenger , which includes his writings, is just one of the many famous publications that began in Richmond. Other famous writers who call Richmond home are Ellen Glasgow who won the Pulitzer, controversial figure James Branch Cabell, Meg Medina, King Dean, David L. Robbins, and MacArthur Fellow Paule Marshall. Tom Wolfe was born in Richmond, like the creator of Breaking Bad, Vince Gilligan. David Baldacci graduated from Virginia Commonwealth University, where creative writing faculties include Marshall, Claudia Emerson, Kathleen Graber, T. Hummer, Dave Smith, David Wojahn, Susann Cokal, Thomas De Haven, and Larry Levis. Notable graduates include Sheri Reynolds, Jon Pineda, Anna Journey and Joshua Poteat. A community-based organization called James River Writers serves the greater Richmond area; it sponsored many programs for writers at all stages of their careers and put on an annual author conference that draws participants from miles and miles away.

Architecture

Richmond is home to many important structures, including some designed by famous architects. The city has various styles, including important examples from Georgia, Federal, Greek Revival, Neoclassical, Egyptian Revival, Romanesque Revival, Gothic Awakening, Tudor Awakening, Italian Revival, Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, Art Deco, Modernist, International, and Postmodern.

Many of Richmond's early architecture was destroyed by Evacuation Fire in 1865. It is estimated that 25% of all buildings in Richmond were destroyed during this fire. Less is left over due to construction and demolition occurring since the Reconstruction. Apart from this, Richmond contains many significant historical buildings and districts. Fixed buildings from the colonial period of Richmond, such as Patteson-Schutte House and Edgar Allan Poe Museum (Richmond, Virginia), both built before 1750.

Architectural classics are highly represented in all the city districts, especially in Downtown, Fan, and Museum District. Some famous classical architects have designed buildings in Richmond. The Virginia State Capitol was designed by Thomas Jefferson and Charles-Louis ClÃÆ' Â © risseau in 1785. It is the second oldest US state to be used continuously (after Maryland) and was the first US government building to be built in the style of neo-classical architecture. , setting trends for other state homes and federal government buildings (including the White House and The Capitol) in Washington, DC Robert Mills designed the Monumental Church on Broad Street. Adjacent to it is the 1845 Egyptian Building, one of the few buildings of the Egyptian Revival in the United States.

John Russell Pope's company designs Broad Street Station and Branch House on Monument Avenue, designed as a private residence in the Tudor style, now functioning as a Museum of Architecture and Design Branch. Broad Street Station (or Union Station), designed in Beaux-Arts style, is no longer functioning, but is now home to the Science Museum of Virginia. Main Street Station, designed by Wilson, Harris, and Richards, has been re-used in its original purpose. The Jefferson Hotel and Commonwealth Club, both designed by classically trained Beaux-Arts architects, CarrÃÆ'¨re and Hastings. Many of the buildings on the Richmond University campus, including Jeter Hall and Ryland Hall, were designed by Ralph Adams Cram, the most famous for the Princeton University Chapel and the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine.

Richmond's urban residential neighborhood also has a special meaning for urban fabric. The Fan, District Museum, Jackson Ward, Carver, Carytown, Oregon Hill and Church Hill (among others) mostly use town houses and mixed use or full retail/meal companies. These districts are anchored on major streets like Franklin Street, Cary Street, Boulevard, and Monument Avenue. The growth of urban dwellers over the last decade has been concentrated in these areas.

Among Richmond's most interesting architectural features is its Cast-iron architecture. Second only to New Orleans in concentrations of cast iron work, this city is home to a unique collection of iron terraces, balconies, fences, and finials. Richmond's position as an iron production center helped increase its popularity within the city. At the peak of production in 1890, 25 foundry plants were operating in a city employing nearly 3,500 metal workers. This amount is seven times the number of general construction workers employed in Richmond at that time which illustrates the importance of iron exports. Porches and fences in urban environments such as Jackson Ward, Church Hill, and Monroe Ward are very complicated, often featuring ornate iron ornaments never replicated outside Richmond. In some cases the cast is made for a single residential or commercial application.

Richmond is home to several notable examples of various styles of modernism. Minoru Yamasaki designed the Federal Reserve Building that dominates the city center's skyline. The architectural firm Skidmore, Owings & amp; Merrill has designed two buildings: the Virginia Library and the General Assembly offices in the Eighth and Main Houses. Philip Johnson designed the WRVA Building. Richard Neutra's Rice House, home to a private island on the James River, remains the only international-style house in Richmond. Residence W.G. Harris in Richmond was designed by a famous early modern architect and member of Harvard Five, Landis Gores. Other well-known architects who have worked in the city include Rick Mather, I.M. Pei, and Gordon Bunshaft.

VCU is currently raising funds for the new Contemporary Art Institute designed by Steven Holl. ICA is funded by private donors and is scheduled to open in April 2018.

John G. Zehmer is an architectural historian and preservationist who documents many of Richmond's historic properties in 1970s black-and-white era photo books and era.

Historical district

The City Code Richmond provides for the creation of old and historic districts so as to "recognize and protect the historical, architectural, cultural, and artistic heritage of the City." Based on that authority, the city has set 45 districts throughout the city. The majority of these districts are also listed in the Virginia Landmarks Register ("VLR") and List of National Historic Sites ("NRHP").

Fifteen districts represent a large part of the city:

The remaining thirty districts are confined to individual buildings or clusters of buildings throughout the city:

Food

Richmond has been recognized in recent years for being a "foodie city", especially for the modern renditions of traditional southern cuisine. The city also claims the invention of a sailor sandwich, which includes pastrami, knockwurst, Swiss cheese, and mustard on wheat bread. Richmond was also where, in 1935, beer cans were made commercially available for the first time.

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Outdoor park and recreation

The city operates one of the oldest urban park systems in the country. The park system began when the city council voted in 1851 to earn 7.5 acres (30,000 m ² ), now known as Monroe Park. Currently, Monroe Park is next to the campus of the University of the Commonwealth of Virginia and is one of over 40 parks comprising a total of over 1,500 hectares (610 acres).

Several parks are located along the James River, and the James River Parks System offers bike trails, hiking and nature trails, and many scenic views along the river route through the city. https://www.trailforks.com/region/james-river-park-system/This track is used as part of the Xterra East Championship course for the running and mountain biking parts of the off-road triathlon.

There are also parks on two large islands on the river: Belle Isle and Brown Island. Belle Isle, in various former Powhatan fishing villages, colonial horse racing tracks, and Civil War prison camps, is the largest of both, and contains many bike lanes and small cliffs used for rock climbing. One can walk on the island and still see many remnants of Civil War prison camps, such as weapons storage and weapon deployment used to quell the prisoner riots. Brown Island is a smaller island and a popular spot of a large number of free outdoor and springtime concerts and festivals, such as the weekly Cheers Friday or James River Beer and Seafood Festival series.

The other two main parks in the city along the river are Byrd Park and Maymont, located near the Fan District. Byrd Park has a one mile (1.6 km) running track, with a stop rehearsal, a general dog park, and a number of small lakes for small boats, as well as two monuments, a Buddhist house, and an amphitheater. Displayed in this park is the World War I Memorial Carillon, built in 1926 as a memorial to those killed in the war. Maymont, located adjacent to Byrd Park, is a 100 acre (40 hectares) Victoria estate with museums, official parks, original wildlife exhibits, nature centers, train collections and children's ranches. Other parks in the city include the Joseph Bryan Park Azalea Park, Forest Hill Park (former Forest Hill Park site), Chimborazo Park (National Battlefield Headquarters), among others.

James River itself through Richmond is famous as one of the best in the country for rafting/canoeing/kayaking activities in the city. Some rafting companies offer a full service. There are also some easily accessible river areas within the city limits for stone jumping, swimming and picnicking.

Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden is located adjacent to the town in Henrico County. Founded in 1984, Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden is located at 80 acres (320,000 m ² ) and features a conservatory glass, rose garden, healing garden and a children's park that everyone can access. The Garden is a public place for display and scientific study of plants. Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden is one of only two independent public botanical gardens in Virginia and designated as a state botanical garden.

Several amusement parks are also located near the city, including Kings Dominion in the north, and Busch Gardens to the east, near Williamsburg.

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Sports

Richmond is not home to major league professional sports teams, but since 2013, the Washington Redskins of the National Football League have held their summer training camps in the city. There are also some minor league sports in the city, including Richmond Kickers from United Soccer League and Richmond Flying Squirrels from the Eastern League League of Minor League Baseball (affiliates of the San Francisco Giants). The Kickers started playing in Richmond in 1993, and is currently playing at the City Stadium. The Squirrels opened their first season at The Diamond on April 15, 2010. From 1966 to 2008, the city was home to Richmond Braves, an AAA affiliate of the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball, until the franchise moved to Georgia.

It is also home to Richmond Black Widows, the city's first women's soccer team, founded in 2015 by Sarah Schkeeper. They are part of the Women's Football Alliance. Their season starts in April, with the pre-season starting in January.

Another important sports venue is the Arthur Athletic Center

Source of the article : Wikipedia