Casino token (also known as a casino or game chip , check , or check ) is a small disk used as a substitute currency in the casino. Colored metal, mold-molded plastic or compression clay molds of various denominations are used primarily in table games, as opposed to metal token coins, used primarily in slot machines. Casino tokens are also widely used as play money in casual games or tournaments.
Some casinos also use the rectangular game plaque for high stakes games ($ 25,000 up). Plaque differs from the chip because it is larger, usually rectangular and contains the serial number.
Video Casino token
Use
Money is exchanged with tokens at casinos in casino enclosures, at gambling tables, or at checkout. Tokens are exchanged for money in casinos. They generally have no value outside the casino, but certain businesses (such as taxis or waiters - especially for tips) in gambling towns can respect it informally.
Tokens are used for several reasons. Due to the uniform size, shape, and pattern of chip piles, they are easier to calculate compared to currencies. This attribute also allows the pit boss or security to immediately verify the amount paid, reducing the likelihood that the dealer may be wrong to pay the customer. The official uniform weight of casino tokens allows them to weigh large piles or piles of chips rather than counting them. (Although tools such as chip trays are much more common.) In addition, it is observed that consumers gamble more freely with a replacement currency than with cash. A more pragmatic excuse for casinos that use chips instead of cash at table games is to prevent players retake their bets and try to run away if their bets do not win, because chips, unlike cash, have to be exchanged at the casino casino and do not have cash. value outside the casino in question. Lastly, chips are considered an integral part of the casino environment, and replacing them with some alternative currencies will become unpopular.
Many casinos have eliminated the use of metal tokens (and coins) in their slot machines, supporting paper receipts or pre-paid cards, which, while requiring heavy infrastructure costs to install, eliminating the cost of handling coins, jamming problems encountered in machinery picking up coins or tokens and can allow more specialized game technology in the engine room that is usually dedicated to the coin mechanism. While some casinos (such as the Hard Rock Hotel in Las Vegas) that install a receipt system have saved $ 1 tokens to use as a $ 1 chip, most other casinos that use the receipt simply cancels all tokens. Most casinos using receipts have automated machines where customers can redeem receipts, eliminating the need to calculate coin windows and reduce labor costs.
The collection of casino chips is part of numismatics, more particularly as the collection of special exonumia. This hobby has become increasingly popular with Chip Casino & amp; Gaming Tokens Collectors Club was formed in 1988. Some collectors can appreciate certain casino tokens up to $ 100,000, which are usually traded on online auction websites such as eBay. Some casinos sell custom-made chip sets and one or two decks of cards stamped with the casino's name on it. Each set is in a small suitcase or box.
Maps Casino token
History
The ancestors of the modern casino tokens are counters used to store scores in Ombre and Quadrille card games. In 1752, the French Quadrille set contained a number of different counters, known as jeton , fiches and mils . Unlike modern poker chips, they are colored differently just to determine player ownership for settlement payment purposes at the end of the game, with different denominations differentiated by the various shapes that each type of counter has.
In the early history of Poker during the 19th century, players seem to use small precious objects that can be imagined. Early poker players sometimes use jagged gold pieces, gold nuggets, gold dust, or coins and "chips" that are mainly made of ivory, bone, wood, paper, and composition made of clay and lacquers. Several companies between the 1880s and late 1930s made clay poker chips. There are more than 1000 designs to choose from. Most chips are white, red, blue, and yellow, but they can be made in almost any desired color.
Construction
Most authentic casino chips are "clay" chips but can be more accurately described as compression chips. Contrary to popular belief, no game chip that has existed since the 1950s is 100% clay. Modern clay chips are a more durable material composition compared to clay. At least a few percent of the chips are from soil materials such as sand, limestone, and clay similar to those found in cat feces. The process used to make this chip is a trade secret, and slightly different by the manufacturer, most are relatively expensive and time-consuming per chip. Side edges, or inserts, not painted; to achieve this effect, the plane of this clay is removed and then replaced with clay with different colors; this can be done for each chip individually or strips can be taken from material cylinder blocks and replaced with alternate colors before the blocks are cut into chips. Then each chip receives mid-inlay if desired, and is placed in a special mold that heats and compresses the chip at about 10,000 psi (70 MPa) at 300 Â ° F (149 Â ° C), then the term compression chip is formed.
Graphics printed on a clay chip called inlay. Inlay is usually made of paper and then wrapped with a plastic film that is applied to the chip before the compression printing process. During the printing process, the inlay is permanently tied to the chip and can not be removed from the chip without damaging the inlay.
Ceramic chips were introduced in the mid-1980s as an alternative to clay chips, and also used in casinos, as well as available in the domestic market. The ability to print letters and graphics across the surface of the chip, not just inlay, makes it popular. Ceramic chips are sometimes also referred to as clay or clay composites, but they are actually chips formed by injection made with a plastic formula or a special resin close to the feel and sound of ceramics or porcelain. There are cheaper chips for home markets, made of various forms of plastic and plastic perforated metal as well.
Chips used in North American casinos typically weigh about 10 grams, but are usually between 8 and 10.5 g. Companies that produce chips for casinos actually include Gaming Partners International (whose sub-sections include Paulson, Bud Jones, and B & amp; G), Classic Poker Chips, Palm Gaming International, Game On Chip Company, and GTI Gaming.
Color
There is no universal standard color scheme for poker chip values, and schemes not only vary nationally and regionally, but even from place to place, or by type of event in one place.
The color of chips found at home usually includes red, white, blue, and sometimes green and black; However, recently a wide range of colors have been available, especially in the lower-cost ABS plastic chips. Common additional colors are pink, purple, yellow, orange, and gray. The new design in the home chip includes a three-color design in which a three-step printing process creates chips with unique base, secondary, and detail colors. Because the chip sets are tailored to the buyers, the values ​​of the various colors vary greatly, with more traditional colors being used as very high values ​​like $ 500, $ 1000, $ 5000, and so on, common in tournaments, or as special "fractional" $ 2 or $ 0.50, common in the game's lower limit.
In the casino, the color and size of the uniform chip is sometimes determined by the local game control board for consistency. For example, regulations in New Jersey and Illinois set similar uniform colors. Specifically, Nevada has no rules about color, which is why Nevada casinos can use white, blue, or gray as $ 1, although $ 5 and larger are almost always consistent in color. All US states where legal gambling requires that casino chips have a unique combination of borders for identification, name and location of the casino and chip value, if any, impressed, printed, or printed to the front and back of the token.
In the 19th century America, there is quite a tradition of using blue chips for higher values ​​of "blue chips" in nouns and adjective feelings that signify high-value chips and high value properties evidenced since 1873 and 1894, respectively. This established connotation was first expanded into a blue-chip stock split in the 1920s.
$ 2.50 chips (colloquially referred to as "snappers" by chip collectors) are mostly used for blackjack tables, since "natural" (21 on the first two cards dealt to players) usually pay 3: 2 and most bets are being added $ 5 However, the Tropicana Casino and Borgata in Atlantic City, New Jersey, and others, have used a $ 2.50 (pink) chip at $ 7.50 to $ 15 and $ 10 to $ 20 poker games.
$ 20 chip is mostly used in poker baccarat and pai gow because 5% commission is charged for all bets that winning bankers in baccarat and winning bets on pai gow convert evenly. The $ 20 bets are unusual in traditional table games like dice and roulette; chip $ 20, for example, placing a $ 5 bet on each "hard way" in the dice and better to give a stack of chips or make changes.
Since eight are considered a lucky number in Chinese culture, chips in denominations of 8, 88, and 888 (ie, $ 8 in the US) are common in casinos that serve Chinese customers, often as promotions for Chinese Lunar New Year. They will sometimes contain images of animals related to the year and are expelled in different colors.
The low-denominational yellow chips vary in value: $ 20 in Atlantic City and Illinois (which also use the "mustard yellow" chip $ 0.50); $ 5 in most Southern California poker rooms; $ 2 at the Foxwood poker room in Ledyard, Connecticut; Running Aces Harness Park and Canterbury Park, both in Minnesota; and at Casino del Sol in Tucson, Arizona; and $ 0.50 at Potawatomi Casino in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The blue chips are sometimes used for $ 10, especially in Atlantic City. In Las Vegas and California, most casinos use blue or white for the $ 1 chip, although many Las Vegas casinos now use a $ 1 metal token instead of chips.
Chips are also available in denominations of $ 1000 or more, depending on the casino betting limit. Such chips are often yellow or orange. Casinos in Nevada, Atlantic City, and other areas that allow high stakes usually have chips available in $ 5,000, $ 10,000, $ 25,000, and more; the colors for this vary greatly.
Denominations above $ 5000 are hardly ever faced by the general public; its use is usually limited to "high-end rooms" where the bet size is much larger than on the main floor. Casinos often use game placards for this denomination: This plaque is the size of a playing card, and must be marked with a serial number. The biggest value placed on the plaque to date is $ 10 million, used at the London Club in Las Vegas.
Poker tournaments and cash games on television sometimes use high-denominational bundles of paper, although the World Series of Poker and World Poker Tour use exclusively round chips with denominations of up to $ 250,000; chip tournaments, however, can not be exchanged for cash.
European casinos use similar schemes, although certain places, such as Aviation Club de France, use pink for EUR2 and blue for EUR10. European casinos also use plaques rather than chips for high denominations, usually in the range of EUR1000 and higher.
Security
Each casino has a unique set of chips, even if the casino is part of a larger company. This distinguishes the casino chip from another, because every chip and token on the gambling floor should be backed up with the appropriate amount of cash. In addition, with the exception of Nevada, casinos are not allowed to honor other casino chips.
The casino chip security features are numerous. Artwork has very high resolution or photo quality. Custom color combinations on the edge of the chip (edge ​​â € <â €
Rare fake chips. High-level supervision, along with staff familiarity with chip design and staining, makes fake chip chips hard. However, the casino is ready for this situation. All countries require that casinos have a set of backup chips with alternate marks, although they may not be required to have the exact number of backup chips as they do on the floor. The best-known example of chip forgery was solved in 2005, when two people were caught wrongly turning the $ 1 chip into a higher denomination.
The casino chips used in tournaments are usually much cheaper and simpler. Since chips do not have a cash value, they are typically designed with a single color (usually different in shade or tone from the version on the casino floor), smaller widths, and interior marks to distinguish denominations; However, on certain occasions (such as the World Series of Poker or other poker television), the chip is nearing the level of chip quality on the floor.
Variations
Several casinos, such as the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, feature limited-edition "edition" chips, commemorating events, while retaining common color schemes. This encourages customers to keep it as a souvenir, with profits at the casino.
In certain casinos, such as the Wynn Casino and Encore in Las Vegas, the chips are embedded with RFID tags to help the casino keep track of the better of them, determine the average gambler gamble size, and to make them more difficult for counterfeiters to reproduce. However, this technique is expensive and is considered by many to be unnecessary. In addition, this technology provides minimal benefits in games with layouts that do not provide gamblers with self-defined betting areas, such as dice.
On television
The first game show to use them, Duel , has a variation in which contestants answer questions using oversized casino tokens. The World Series of Poker at one time actually used a casino token for a poker tournament, but in recent years has had Paulson WSOP clay set made for the tournament.
See also
- Barber's pole
- Jeton
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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