Metro Atlanta , designated by the Office of Management and Budget of the United States as Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, Metropolitan GA Statistics Area , is the densest metro area in US. the state of Georgia and the ninth largest metropolitan statistical region (MSA) in the United States. The economic, cultural and demographic center is Atlanta, and has an estimated 2017 population of 5,884,736 according to the US Census Bureau. The metro area forms the core of a larger trading area, Combined Atlanta-Athens-Clarke-Sandy Springs Combined Statistical Area . The Combined Statistics region reaches up to 39 districts in northern Georgia and has an estimated 2017 population of 6,555,956. Atlanta is considered the "world city of beta ()". This is the third largest metropolitan area in the Southeast Census Bureau behind Greater Washington and South Florida.
Video Atlanta metropolitan area
Definition
With the standards of the US Census Bureau, the Atlanta area population is spread across the entire metropolitan area of ​​8,376 square miles (21,694 km 2 ) - land area comparable to Massachusetts. Since Georgia has more territory than any other state except Texas (described partially by the system of units that do not currently weigh the votes in the primary elections), the inhabitants of the region live under a highly decentralized government. At the 2000 census, fewer than one in ten inhabitants in a metropolitan area lived within the city limits of Atlanta.
A 2006 survey by Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce counted 140 cities and cities in the Metropolitan 28-county Statistics Area in mid 2005. Nine cities - Johns Creek (2006), Milton (2006), Chattahoochee Hills (2007), Dunwoody (2008) ), Peachtree Corners (2012), Brookhaven (2012), Tucker (2016), Stonecrest (2016) and South Fulton (2017) - have joined since then, trailing Sandy Springs in 2005.
The Atlanta metropolitan area was first defined in 1950 as the Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Cobb, and Clayton areas. Walton, Newton, Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Henry, Cherokee, Rockdale and County Butts were added after the 1970 census, with Barrow and Coweta districts joining in 1980 and Bartow, Carroll, Paulding, Pickens and Spalding County in 1990.
The larger combined Atlanta (CSA) statistical area adds Gainesville, Georgia MSA, Athens-Clarke County, Georgia MSA and the LaGrange micropolitan area, Thomaston, Jefferson, Calhoun, and Cedartown, for the 2012 total population of 6,162,195. CSA also borders Macon and Columbus MSA. This region is one of the metropolises in the Southeastern United States, and is part of an emerging megalopolis known as the Piedmont Atlantic MegaRegion along I-85 Corridor, "Charlanta" daily.
Maps Atlanta metropolitan area
Counties
The countries listed below are included in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville CSA. (Brave territory is also located in the somewhat smaller Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell MSA.) However, most other entities define a much smaller metropolitan area by simply entering districts that have the densest suburban development. Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Cobb, and Clayton were the original five districts when the Atlanta metropolitan area was first defined in 1950, and continues to be the core of the metro area. These five districts along with five others (Cherokee, Douglas, Fayette, Henry, and Rockdale) are members of the Atlanta Regional Commission, a weak metropolitan government agency that is also a regional planning agency. Ten ARC counties and five more (Bartow, Coweta, Hall, Forsyth, Paulding) are part of the North Georgia Water Planning District, established in 2001.
The 12 districts listed above with less than 75,000 inhabitants are not usually included in other metropolitan definitions except MSA OMB/Census Bureau and CSA. Hall County forms the Metropolitan Area of ​​Gainesville, GA, but with astronomical growth for more than 190,000 inhabitants, now also part of the Atlanta CSA. The official State of Georgia tourism web site features a "Metro Atlanta" tourism area that covers only nine districts: Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Cobb, Clayton, Coweta, Douglas, Fayette and Henry.
City
City edge
- Cumberland
- Perimeter Center
- Hartsfield-Jackson County
More than half of Atlanta's metropolitan population is in areas or areas not identified as census sites (CDPs) by census bureaus. Metro Atlanta includes unincorporated and unincorporated suburbs (both inside and outside Atlanta), exurbs, and surrounding cities, sorted by population in 2010:
City and suburbs
Kota utama
- Atlanta pop. 472 522
Places with 75,000 to 99,999 residents
- South Pop Fulton. 95158
- pop Sandy Springs. 93,853
- Roswell pop. 88346
- Johns Creek pop. 76728
Places with 50,000 to 74,999 residents
- Alpharetta pop. 57,551
- Marietta pop. 56579
- Pop Stonecrest. 53,490
- Pop smyrna. 51.271
Places with 25,000 to 49,999 inhabitants
Places with 24,999 or fewer residents
Geography
Topography and geology
The area is scattered at the foot of the low Appalachian Mountains to the north and Piedmont to the south. The northern and some western fringes tend to be taller and much more hilly than the southern and eastern fringes. The average altitude is about 1,000 feet (300 m).
The highest point in the nearest area is Mount Kennesaw at 1,808 feet (551 m), followed by Stone Mountain at 1,686 feet (514 m), Dry Mountain at 1,640 feet (500 m), and Mount Kennesaw Small at 1,600 m. ft (488 m). Others include Blackjack Mountain, Lost Mountain, Brushy Mountain, Pine Mountain, and Mount Wilkinson (Vinings Mountain). Many of these played prominently in the various battles of the Atlanta Campaign during the American Civil War. If the far-north region is included, Bear Mountain is the highest, followed by Pine Log Mountain, Sawnee Mountain, and Hanging Mountain, followed by the others listed above. Stone, Sweat, Bear, and Sawnee are home to several broadcast stations in the area.
The subsoil of the area is solid, rust-colored clay due to the presence of iron oxide in it. It becomes very muddy and sticky when wet, and hard when dry, and bright colored carpet stains and clothes with ease. It also tends to have a lower pH, the more aggravating the gardener. Its delicacy also means it is easily deposited into the water during heavy rain, creating mud problems where it is exposed due to construction. This carrying red land can be seen downstream on the banks of the southern Georgian river (where the original clay is white), and down to Florida poke (where the original sand is also white). Topsoil exists only in natural forest areas, created by decomposition of leaf litter.
Earthquakes and fault lines
The extinct fault line called Fault Brevard runs roughly parallel to the Chattahoochee River, but because its last movement appears to be prehistoric, it is considered extinct and not a threat to the region. However, small earthquakes rocked the area (and all of Georgia) occasionally. One notable one was in April 2003 (magnitude 4.6) originating from the northwest, its epicenter just across the state line in northeast Alabama. While many people sleep through quakes 5 A.M. , it causes little panic in others who are totally unaware of what's going on. A similar earthquake occurring in this region called the Eastern Tennessee Seismic Zone, often feels much wider across the more powerful crust in eastern North America compared to the west. Thus, 1886 Charleston, the South Carolina earthquake was also felt in Atlanta and throughout the Southeast. It caused damage as far as central Alabama and West Virginia. Two small earthquakes were also felt on the southeast side near Eatonton in early April 2009. The New Madrid Seismic Zone (near the Missouri-Tennessee border) and the seismic zone that produced a magnitude 7.836 quake in 2007 were still capable of generating large or medium earthquakes, the Atlanta area will feel quite or even strong.
Climate
Atlanta metro area has a humid subtropical climate with four seasons, although summer is the longest. Average January daily lows from 32-35Ã, Â ° F (0-2Ã, Â ° C) north to south, and the highest range of 48-54Ã, Â ° F (9-12Ã, Â ° C), but often reach well above or below average. There was average annual snowfall of about 2.5 inches (6.4 cm), mostly falling from December to March, although there was snow in the north of the city on April 3, 1987. Snow floods are actually common during the winter when there are mainly trough in jet stream. These events are usually no more than a little dust and therefore are not recognizable in most weather summaries. Summer, on the other hand, is long and consistently hot and humid, with the morning of July averaging 71 Â ° F (22 Â ° C) and the afternoon averaging 89 Â ° C (32 Â ° C), a breeze , and typically 20-40 Â ° C.% chance of an afternoon thunderstorm. During summer thunderstorms, temperatures can suddenly drop to 70-77 degrees with high local rainfall. Average annual rainfall is about 50.2 inches (1,280 mm), with late winter and early spring (and July) being the wettest and falling (especially October) being the driest.
From 1878 to 2011, the highest recorded temperature in Atlanta was 105 Â ° F (40.6 Â ° C) on three very hot July days, followed by 104 Â ° F (40 Â ° C) that month and in August 2007, the hottest month for the area. It was damaged on the last day of June 2012, when temperatures reached 106Ã, Â ° F (41.1Ã, Â ° C), during a major heat wave that hit most countries, with another 105 tying the July record the next day. The lowest temperatures were recorded -6 Â ° F (-21 Â ° C) and -8 Â ° F (-22 Â ° C) on 20 and 21 January 1985, and -9 Â ​​° F (-23 Â ° C) at February 13, 1899, during a severe cold collision that drove so far south, they destroyed the entire citrus industry in central Florida.
Opal storm brought sustained tropical storm conditions to the area one night in early October 1995, uprooting hundreds of trees and causing widespread power blackouts, after soaking the area with rain for the previous two days. Since 1950 several metro districts have been hit more than 20 times by tornadoes, with Cobb (26) and Fulton (22) being the two highest in the state. The Dunwoody tornado in early April 1998 was the worst tornado that hit the area. Tornado hit the center of Atlanta in March 2008, causing half a billion dollars damage, one of the most expensive storms ever recorded anywhere.
This area experiences a winter storm with significant snowfall about once every year, but this can be very irregular. The blizzard (see: 1993 Hurricane of the Century) captured many guards off the Southeast in 1993, throwing 4.5 inches (11.4 cm) at Atlanta airport on March 13, and far more than in the northern and western suburbs, in the mountains. The only other recorded winter storm with comparable severity was the Great Blizzard of 1899. However, the heaviest snow occurred in January 1940, when 8.3 inches (21.1 cm) buried the city during its coldest month in record. The second hardest was in 1983, when a very late storm dropped 7.9 inches (20.1 cm) on 24 March. Ice storms also occur in the area. The famous 1973 ice storm was brutal as a storm in 1982.
The 2006-2008 Southeast Asia Drought started with dry weather in 2006, and the lakes on the left are very low. The drought eventually began to subside significantly after the floods of Atlanta 2009, when some areas got up to 20 inches (500 mm) of rain in a week, with half of those falling within just 24 hours towards the end of the period. The USGS counts it as a flood greater than 500 years.
Environment
The fertile rain in this area is drained by many different streams and creeks. The main hamlet is the Chattahoochee River, which flows northeast to southwest. The northwestern suburbs further flows into the Etowah River through the Little River and Lake Allatoona. The southern rim is drained by the Flint River, and east-southeast by the Oconee River and Yellow River.
In 2005, the metro area used 360 million US gallons (1,400,000 m 3 ) of water per day (about 80 US gallons (300 liters per person per day) of these rivers. more than 10% during the dry season, but surged again after watering restrictions decreased (and before the floods occurred).The water requirement is seen as a barrier to further growth in the area but permanent measures for non-emergency water conservation have never been enacted. The state legislature has refused to meet the requirements of low flow toilets to be installed in homes for sale, subject to pressure from the real estate sales industry.
Disputes over water are becoming increasingly common, with Alabama and Florida lawsuits as well as orders that threaten to prevent Georgia taking too much water, especially for Atlanta metro. South Carolina also threatens when the east pipe to the Savannah River is mentioned even informally. The state has now been ordered by judges to reduce withdrawals from Chattahoochee south Lanier to the 1970s level in three years (2012), something that will create shortage of emergency water immediately if it is truly enforced. This is done because the US Congress has never authorized the use of lakes as a water supply.
Flora
The original forest canopy was primarily an oak, redbud, hickory, poplar, tuliptree, pine, and sweetgum tree, with chestnut that had existed decades earlier in a forest now considered an oak-hickory forest. Traveling from the south, the metro area in general is the first area where autumn leaf colors can be seen, because different trees grow at higher altitudes and latitudes. Beneath it, flowering dogwoods are very common, black cherries are quite productive, with mulberries occasionally popping up as well. Sourwood is also in its original range, and easily identified by the fact that it was red fiery in early October, much brighter and weeks earlier than most other trees (which usually peak in early November).
The shrubs include blackberries, horsechestnut, sumac, and sometimes hawthorn. Virginia creeper, poison ivy, and briar are common vines. The yellow daisy Confederate is the original wildflower only for the area around Stone Mountain.
Common garden plants include dogwood, azalea, hydrangea, flowering cherry, maple, pin oak, red-tip photinia, holly, juniper, white pine, magnolia, Bradford pear, forsythia, liriope (mondograss), and ivy English. Grasses can be winter grasses like fescue and rye, or warm seasons like zoysia and bermudagrass that turn brown in late autumn. Some homeowners associations actually banned green grass in the winter.
Coming from a nearby mountain, maple is now one of the most common landscape trees for new homes and parking lots, giving their colors in autumn instead of spring. When planted close to buildings (which provide shelter and radiate heat), they can retain some of their color to December, especially if November has warmed up.
Common grass weeds are copies of strawberries, violets, wild onions, and of course dandelion, crabgrass, and plantains everywhere.
By far the most famous species is kudzu, a highly invasive species from Japan that climbs and kisses trees and shrubs. Effective new herbicides and increased development of rural areas have greatly reduced kudzu in the metro area (although it is still very common elsewhere in Georgia). Wisteria planted decades ago by farmers in rural areas has become wild and common in undeveloped forests. Some vines are more than 50 years old and cover dozens of acres of forest, creating a dense purple explosion every spring. Japanese Honeysuckle is very common; the aroma of an early summer pleasure. A factory of public gardens, Chinese privet, has fled into the state's most invasive non-native plant species.
Fauna
Among the mammals, eastern gray squirrels are the most numerous everywhere, stealing birds from bird feeders that many locals maintain. Chipmunks and small brown rabbits are common, but relatively rarely hear them do damage. Opossums, raccoons, foxes, and now even small coyotes and armadillos are often seen. The gardens and snakes of prairies are common; three poisonous snakes (Eastern Vipers, Moccasin Air, and Copperhead) are original, but bite reports are rare. Many types of frogs, including tree frogs and frogs, are easily heard in early summer, as are crickets in July and August. Black bears occasionally wander from the mountains, and white-tailed deer are abundant; overpopulation in some areas. Homeowners on the outer periphery are vulnerable to landscape damage due to deer scavenging.
The most common birds are Brown Thrasher (GA country bird), American crow, European Starling (or common), American robin, dove mourning, sparrow, northern cardinal, purple finch, Carolina chickadee, tufted, bluejay, white- breasted nuthatch, east bluebird, mockingbird, brown-headed nuthatch, and Carolina wren. The birds of prey thrive in the area, with three common types of eagles near open fields even in the most populous areas. The Falcons are perched above the skyscrapers in downtown Atlanta and can be regularly seen pigeon parties. The American kestrel is sometimes seen. By the end of the year, three species of owls can be heard every night in the forest area. A variety of woodpeckers can be seen in many forests, including a red spotted woodpecker, northern flicker (also known as "red-axle flicker"), and woody woodpecker. The red-headed woodpecker is common in open fields and on the golf course. The American goldfinch is mostly present in winter, and the ruby-throated hummingbird is only in summer.
Government and politics
Georgia has the smallest average area size of each country operating the local government. It focuses more on the government locally but allows for greater conflict between multiple jurisdictions, each with its own agenda.
The first important intergovernmental institution in the Atlanta metro is the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority, which runs Marta's public transport system. In addition to other factors such as race and class, as well as lack of planning and lack of perceived needs, issues related to Atlanta's inner city (crime, poverty, and poor public school performance) were influenced by Cobb, Gwinnett, and Clayton county voters refused permission development of MARTA to their respective areas during the 1970s. These decisions produce a permanent effect on land development in the region, making the use of private cars even more of a necessity.
The Atlanta Regional Commission is by far the closest that the area has come to the metropolitan government. It only approves projects deemed to have a positive effect outside the immediate area where they will be built. The Georgia Transportation Authority is a cross between ARC and MARTA, which works to improve mobility, air quality and land-use practices in the region. GRTA also operates Xpress buses from 11 districts, and can operate commuter train services in the future. Currently, plans for final intercity commuter and railway trains (including the old yet unfunded Atlanta Multimodal Passenger Terminal) are the responsibility of the Georgia Train Passenger Authority, which receives virtually no funds.
Since 2007, proposals have been submitted to allow a new multi-county sales tax, in addition to existing area sales taxes for roads, to pay for regional transportation initiatives. [2]
Demographics
Census 2010 counted 5,268,860 people in the 28-county metro area. This was an increase of 1,020,879 over the same 28-county area in 2000, second only to Houston. The percent increase is 24.0%, the second highest (after Houston) among the ten largest metro areas in the country.
Source: for Hispanic race and population, US Census Bureau 2010 and census 2000; for populations born overseas: US Census Bureau 2010 and 2000 American Community Surveys; Immigrant at Metropolitan America 2010 , Brookings Institution Race and ethnicity
White Americans make up 55.4% of the Atlanta metro population, a relative decline from 63.0% ten years earlier, but still an absolute increase of more than 330,000 people. Non-Hispanic whites fell from 59.5% to 50.7% of the metro population, an increase of approximately 224,000.
Black Americans are the largest racial minority with 32.4% of the population, up from 28.9% in 2000. Atlanta City has long been considered a "black mecca" for its role as a black educational center, political, wealth and cultural. From 2000 to 2010, the geographic distribution of blacks in Metro Atlanta changed radically. Long-time concentrated in the city of Atlanta and DeKalb County, the black population there is down because more than half a million African Americans live in other parts of the metro area, including about 112,000 in Gwinnett County, 71,000 in Fulton outside Atlanta, 58,000 in Cobb, 50,000 in Clayton, 34,000 in Douglas, and 27,000 in the counties of Newton and Rockdale respectively. Due to the availability of its work, Atlanta has been a destination for well-educated blacks in North African-American Reverse Migration from the North since the turn of the 21st century, with many people settling rapidly to suburban locations.
Hispanic Americans are the fastest growing ethnic group. At 10.4% of the metro population in 2010, compared to only 6.5% in 2000, the Hispanic population on the metro increased by a staggering 109.6%, or 298,459, in ten years. Major Hispanic groups include 354,356 Mexicans, 43,337 Puerto Rican and 17,648 Cubans. All of the group's population increased by over 90% in a ten-year period. Of the 299,000-person metro increase in the Hispanic population from 2000 to 2010, 98,000 came in Gwinnett County, 57,000 in Cobb, 55,000 in Fulton (all except 3,000 outside of Atlanta), 20,000 in the Hall, and 15,000 in DeKalb County.
The Asian-American population also increased rapidly from 2000 to 2010. There were 296,956 Asian-Americans in the metro area in 2010, which is 5.9% of the population. This represents an 87% increase over 2,000. The largest Asian groups are 108,980 Indians, 93,870 Koreans, 67,660 Chinese, and 66,554 Vietnamese.
Atlanta also has the largest Bosnian Georgian population in the United States with about 10,000 in the metro area, especially in Gwinnett County
Metro Atlanta is getting international, with 716,434 people born abroad in 2010, a 69% increase over 2000. It is the fourth largest growth rate among the country's top 100 metros, after Baltimore, Orlando, and Las Vegas. The proportion of foreign-born population rose from 10.3% to 13.6%, and Atlanta rose from 14 to 12 in the ranking of the US metro area with the largest immigrant population with a clear figure. However, its immigrant proportion of 13.6% is only the 29th highest of the top 100 metros in the country.
Metro Atlanta immigrants are more suburban than most cities. Of the top 100 metrs in the US, Atlanta has the 11th highest ratio of foreign-born living in the suburbs and not in the core city. Atlanta has several ethnic enclaves such as Koreatown, and areas such as Buford Highway Corridor in DeKalb County and parts of Gwinnett County are commercial centers for various ethnic communities.
In 1990, Greater Atlanta had the largest Japanese population in the Southeastern United States. The Consulate General of Japan in Atlanta estimated that, during the year, 7,500 to 10,000 Japanese lived in Greater Atlanta. From the metropolitan area of ​​the Southeastern United States, in 1990, Greater Atlanta had the most extensive educational network for Japanese nationals.
Language
In 2008, about 83.3% of the population of five years and older spoke only English at home, which was approximately 4,125,000 people. More than 436,000 people (8.8%) speak Spanish at home, giving Metro Atlanta the number of 15th-ranked Spanish speakers among the American metropolitan area (MSAs). More than 193,000 people (3.9%) speak other Indo-European languages ​​at home. People who speak Asian at home number more than 137,000 and comprise 2.8% of the population.
Economy
Utilities
This area is the world's largest toll-free calling zone that covers 7,162 sq miles (18,549 km 2 ), has four active area phone codes, and the local calling extends into parts of the other two. 404, which originally covered all of northern Georgia until 1992, now covers most of the territory within the Perimeter (Interstate 285). In 1995, the suburbs were put into 770, requiring mandatory ten-digit calling even for local calls under FCC rules. This made Atlanta one of the first US cities to use a ten-digit connection, started by BellSouth years before the 1996 Centennial Olympics. In 1998, 678 was superimposed on both the existing 404 and 770 area codes. The phone, initially only set to 404, can now have a local area code anywhere in the region issued. Area code 470, the latest area code, is coated with 404 and 770 in the same way as 678. The local calling area also includes sections 706/762 and a small area of ​​256 in Alabama on the Georgian border.
The city of Atlanta is the most wired city in the United States. Many residents access the internet with high-speed broadband and/or WiFi connections. It is home to one of the largest fiber optic bundles in the world.
Large oil and natural gas pipelines cross the area, flowing from the shores of the Gulf, Texas and Louisiana to population centers in the northeastern United States. These include the Colonial Pipe Line and the Plantation Pipeline Line, both based in Alpharetta.
Metro Atlanta primarily uses natural gas for central heating and water heating, with the main exception of heat pumps in apartments built during and since the 1980s. This is because winters are mild, and large apartment buildings usually require less energy to heat up. The heat reserves (also used during the ice flowering) are usually supplied by heating of electrical resistance, although some homes have hybrid heating units that use gas reserves when cool. The exurban homes can also use all the electricity in lieu of gas, if the main gas has not been extended to an area.
The cooktop and oven are a mixture of gas and electricity, while the clothes dryer is rather rare. Most homes have fireplaces with manual valve starter gases, and some are now equipped with permanent gas logs with start power switches. Some homes also have natural gas barbecue grills, which were previously sold in utility company stores.
Georgia Power is a major power company in all states and metro areas, beginning in 1902 as the Georgia Railway and Power Company, a tram company in Atlanta (trolley). Some electrical membership companies also serve the suburbs. These include the second largest EMC in the country in Jackson EMC, CobbÃ, EMC, and SawneeÃ, EMC. The city of Marietta operates its own electric utility, Marietta Power, under the Board of Lights & amp; Water (BLW). It is also a member of the Georgia Municipal Electrical Association (MEAG).
Atlanta Gas Light is a natural gas utility for the region, and has been for more than a century and a half, for installing gas lamps in Atlanta in 1856. It operated as a monopoly set up until November 1998, after the state legislature voted. in early 1997 to deregulate natural gas marketing, and made customers choose among 20 marketers who still sell the same AGL-wholesaled gas, such as Gas South, Infinite Energy, SCANA and Georgia Natural Gas. Most of the gas comes through the pipeline from Louisiana.
Water is provided by various regions and some city systems. Some of these systems actually serve parts of neighboring districts and cities as well. The Cobb-Marietta Water Authority not only serves Cobb, but also the neighboring parts, Paulding and Cherokee, for example. During droughts or other emergencies, cities and districts may impose a ban on outdoor water usage, but some cross-jurisdictional water systems have also acted to enforce the ban. At the end of September 2007, the State Department's Division of Environmental Protection of the Department of Natural Resources of Georgia, intervened with its first ban, covering much of the northern part of the state. Although surface water is by far the main source of water for the area, drought has many systems (and some rich homeowners) that drill new wells for ground water, even though the local water surface is about 400 feet (120 m), on average.
Sewerage is also handled by water utilities, but various water and sewer networks may not fit the same limits, resulting in inter-stone water transfers. This is for practical reasons, because the area is hilly and divided by some watersheds, because the area has grown irregular and erratic, and since water treatment plants are usually not close to sewage treatment plants. Septic tanks are still used in old houses of some exurbs.
Housing
The construction of a low density subdivision dominates the metro on the outskirts of Atlanta.
Changes in house prices for metro areas are generally tracked regularly using the Case-Shiller index; statistics published by Standard & amp; Poor's and is also a component of the composite index of 20 cities S & amp; P of the market value of US residential real estate.
Community upgrading district
All the Georgia community improvement districts are located in Atlanta metro.
- Buckhead Community Improvement District, which includes Buckhead
- Perimeter Center for Community Improvement Center, which covers the Perimeter Center area of ​​Sandy Springs and Dunwoody/
- Cumberland Community Improvement District, in the vicinity of Cumberland Mall
- Uptown Community District Center, around Town Center at Cobb mall
- Gwinnett Place Community Improvement District, around Gwinnett Place Mall
- Gwinnett Village Community Improvement District, also in Gwinnett area southeast of Norcross
- Evermore Community Improvement District, or Highway 78 Community Improvement District, which includes part of the 78 US corridor at Gwinnett near Snellville
- Lilburn Community Improvement District, founded early 2010 at Lilburn
- Aerotropolis Atlanta CIDs
- Boulevard CID (industrial district), created 2010
In May 2016, the City of Atlanta launched Atlanta City Studio, "the first urban pop-up urban design laboratory focusing on the future formation of the city's environment." The studio hosts "lectures, open forums, urban art presentations and other environmental and design components." Atlanta City Studio will move twice per year so residents can interact with staff and share their ideas on improving city design. The studio is located on the second floor of Ponce City Market and in January 2017 will move "to a retail location on the Westside, perhaps on MLK Jr. Drive or Cascade Road."
Education
Colleges and universities
Metropolitan Atlanta is home to the largest concentration of colleges and universities in the Southeastern United States.
Health Care
This area is served by a network of health facilities including personal practice, urgent care, hospital systems, and special care facilities. There are about 28 hospitals that serve the metro. There is a personal profit system and community nonprofit system.
Primary health care system
Media
Culture and attractions
Sports
Starting in 2019, College Park will be home to the Hawks' NBA G-League franchise; the team is currently based in Erie, Pennsylvania while the arena is being built at the Georgia International Convention Center.
Former teams include the Atlanta Flames (now Calgary Flames) and Atlanta Thrashers (now Winnipeg Jets), both from the National Hockey League.
Atlanta also plays host to a series of Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series annually at Atlanta Motor Speedway.
The Atlanta metropolitan area is also home to three NCAA Division I programs, with Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets and Georgia State Panthers in Atlanta right and Owls Kennesaw in Kennesaw. Both Georgia Tech and Georgia State are members of the Football Bowl Subdivision at the Atlantic Coast Conference and Sun Belt Conference, respectively, while Kennesaw State is a soccer member of the Big South Conference at the Football Championship Subdivision while the remaining sports are in the Atlantic Sunball Conference.
Military presence
- Fort Gillem, Closed.
- Fort McPherson, Closed.
- Dobbins Air Reserve Base
Transportation
U.S. Census Bureau has established a metropolitan area for Atlanta that includes, but is not limited to, Roswell, Georgia, and Sandy Springs, Georgia. According to the 2016 American Community Survey, about 78% of the metropolitan population that works is driven by just driving, 9% carpooled, 3% using public transport, and 1% running. Less than 1% of the working population is driven by bicycles, while about 2% of passengers travel in other ways. About 7% of the population works at home.
Transit system
Atlanta has always been a postal city, and the city used to have an extensive tram system, which also provides interurb services as far as Marietta, 15 miles (24 km) to the northwest. The carriages were replaced by an extensive electric bus system, coupled with buses, in the 1940s and 1950-52s, and then converted to all buses in the 1950s and 1960-62s. However, building a modern fast transit system proved to be a difficult and protracted process and, compared to the original plan for a regional system, only a fraction had been achieved.
MARTA operates bus and subway systems in the cities of Atlanta, Fulton, Clayton and Dekalb, while Cobb and Gwinnett operate their own independent Suburban Transit System incorporated into MARTA. This is the result of the refusal of these people to join the MARTA system, a situation that was initially closely related to the white flight of the city. This is the only US system in which the state does not provide funds for operations or expansions, but rely solely on a 1% sales tax in its three areas. Due to the passing of the 1% sales tax in Clayton County on November 4, 2014, MARTA replaces the dead C-Tran system that brings buses and commuter trains to the area from March 2015, with full bus services by 2016. The Atlanta Streetcar, light rail loop along 2.7 miles (4.3 km), connect Centennial Olympic Park and MARTA subway in the Sweet Auburn district and point in between. Xpress GA, a suburban commuter bus service operated by the Georgia Regional Transport Authority or GRTA, has over 32 routes running from the suburbs and out to downtown Atlanta in 12 metropolitan districts.
Plans are underway for commuter trains and bus rapid transit (BRT), although this is a few years away. The $ 20 billion HOV/BRT Corridor project seems to contradict other plans, such as the 3-metro Concept approved by the Transit Planning Board, and the HOT path without barriers at I-85 at Gwinnett. MARTA also considers its own BRT line to the east.
The first commuter train line will run south of the city, eventually extended to Lovejoy and perhaps the Hampton near Atlanta Motor Speedway. The "Brain Train" is likely to be the second route, linking the University of Georgia in Athens to Emory University and Georgia Tech in Atlanta.
As planned, all commuter trains will arrive at the Atlanta Multimodal Passenger Terminal (MMPT), a long-delayed facility just across Peachtree Street from MARTA's Five Points station, where all the tracks meet. Planning for the system and its expansion as an interstate train across the state is the responsibility of the Georgia Rail Passenger Inheritance.
Another proposed plan that has received very strong grassroots support in recent years is BeltLine, a greenbelt and transit system that utilizes existing rail lines and is not used to set up light rail or 22-km tram lines (35 km ) around the core of Atlanta, as well as build more green spaces and walkways for pedestrians and cyclists.
Commercial trains
Before Atlanta was even a town, it was the center of the railway. From here comes a joke, popular among the other South people, that "regardless of whether one goes to heaven or hell, everybody must pass through Atlanta first". Many suburbs proclaim it as a depot or train station along the main line in and out of the city.
Many of these historic stations, including Union Station and Atlanta Terminal Station, are destroyed like many county courthouses and other historic buildings. Many have been saved, including L & amp; N in Woodstock, and the station along the main W & A tracks in Marietta and Smyrna.
Through the merger, the main railway in this area is now Norfolk Southern and CSX. Georgia Northeastern Railroad is a short lane that also serves part of the area. There are also some Atlanta and surrounding railyards, as well as the Southeastern Railway Museum and the Southern Museum of Civil War and Locomotive History.
The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, better known as Amtrak, runs the Crescent intercity rail line through Atlanta metro twice a day, with one train to New Orleans and the other to New York. All trains stop at Peachtree Station in Midtown north Atlanta, but it is also possible to arrange trains to stop in Gainesville, Georgia as well.
Air
Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport is the only international airport for the region (and only the state's premier international airport), and just like a train journey, it becomes a public place where everyone has to travel at a point. Atlanta's second airport is in a very early phase of discussion and preliminary study.
Other airports (managed by local districts) include Charlie Brown Field (Fulton), McCollum Field (Cobb), Cartersville Airport, DeKalb Peachtree Airport, Briscoe Field (Gwinnett), Coweta County Airport, Cherokee County Airport, and Tara Field (Henry) and Paulding County Airport (Paulding). Former local airports are Stone Mountain Airport and Parkaire Field, among others.
DeKalb Peachtree Airport is the main business jet airport. This is because of its proximity to downtown, Midtown, Buckhead, and the office perimeter area.
Roads and highways
Atlanta is served by three major interstate highways. Including creeks, they are as follows:
(Note: The cities used below are also the control cities used for the Atlanta Bypass/I-285 Metro sign coming from the suburbs.)
Interstate 75 passes from Macon to the south, and from Chattanooga to the north. Interstate 575 is an impulse that blends with I-75 near Kennesaw. I-575 serves the northeastern part of Cobb County and most of Cherokee County. Ends at Ball Ground. Interstate 675 is a route connecting I-75 in Henry County to I-285 in Dekalb County south. Most of the corridors are in Clayton County.
Interstate 85 passes from Montgomery to the southwest and from Greenville to the northeast. I-75 joins I-85 to form the Downtown Connector of Brookwood Interchange, just north of Midtown Atlanta, south of Lakewood Freeway south of Atlanta. Interstate 185 is a spur that blends with I-85 in LaGrange and stretches south to Columbus. Interstate 985 is an impulse that blends with I-85 in Suwanee and serves the northern suburbs of Gwinnett and Hall Counties. It ends in northeast Gainesville.
Interstate 285 is a belt that surrounds the city and its eastern suburbs. This is commonly known as Perimeter. I-285 passes Clayton, Cobb, Fulton, and DeKalb Counties.
Interstate 20 passes from Birmingham to the west and from Augusta to the east. It serves Douglasville, the main western suburb of Atlanta. It serves Lithonia and Conyers to the east.
Atlanta is also served by several other highways, in addition to interstate highways, including:
Georgia 400 is the main corridor serving the north-central suburbs, and is the only highway in the metropolitan area of ​​Atlanta. On November 23, 2013, the toll is over and the toll plaza is destroyed. Reach to the northern part of Fulton County and gradually turn northeast before entering Forsyth County. The controlled access section ends just northeast of the city of Cumming. To the south, it ends and blends south to I-85 just south of the Buckhead business district. Cumming/Dahlonega is used on I-285 as a sign to the north, and Atlanta/Buckhead as south. From I-85 to the north, it uses Buckhead/Cumming.
The Mountain Stone freeway, or US 78, is an 8 mile corridor east of Downtown Atlanta and the adjacent suburb of Decatur. It serves the northeastern part of Dekalb County, including the city of Stone Mountain. It continues east as the highway splits south of Gwinnett County, including the suburbs of Snellville. The US 78 also stretches east to Athens.
Lakewood Freeway, or Georgia, extends between Lakewood Park in south Atlanta and Campbellton Road, west of I-285.
Peachtree Industrial Blvd, or Georgia 141, is north-northeast Atlanta route that begins on the north side of I-285 and runs parallel to I-85 for about four miles to the end when it is split into GA-141 and Peachtree Industrial (continuing as highways divided normally).
Georgia State Route 316 is a four-mile route that branches off I-85 and stretches east toward Gwinnett County. It continues east as the highways are divided normally through the outskirts of Lawrenceville and into Athens.
There are many historic trails in the area, named after its factory and early ferry, and the bridge was later built to replace the ferry. Pace's Ferry is probably the most famous.
Due to the long history of settlements and uneven terrains, most arterial roads are not straight but twisted, which can be confusing like the proliferation of the famous Atlanta street with "Peachtree" in its name. It is also often joked that half way is named Peachtree, while the other half has several names to replace it.
Partly, the confusion is that the region maintains the historical nomenclature of each region that names its path to the cities they associate with in the surrounding districts. So, from Dallas to Roswell, Georgia 120 is the Marietta Highway to the Paulding/Cobb area, is the Dallas Highway to the town of Marietta, Whitlock Avenue to the town square, South Park Square just for one city block, Roswell Street to Cobb Parkway (at Big Chicken), Roswell Road to the Cobb/Fulton county line, and finally Marietta Street to the town square in Roswell. Further confusion is from the random location of the state route by the Georgia Transportation Department (GDOT), so they make an uncertain journey that requires multiple turns by the driver rather than traveling the original straight route; and the renaming of roads by state legislators in honor of their friends.
There are many such paths throughout the area, leading to duplicate names in different countries. At Fulton, "Roswell Street" refers to GeorgiaÃ, 9 through northern Atlanta and across from Sandy Springs, in addition to the above-mentioned usage at Cobb, for example. Addressing numerical addresses is done by the county as well, with the origin usually being in one corner of the town square in the county seat. However, the US Postal Service ignores these actual and logical limits, overlapping ZIP codes and associated place names across districts. The Cumberland/Galleria area has a Cobb number and the suffix "SE", but is called "Atlanta" by the USPS (though Vinings, which the USPS ironically is called "unacceptable"), which can confuse visitors to think it's far away. in southeastern Atlanta.
Where more than one city in the same county has its way to the same place, smaller towns have their own starting names, whereas the county seat is not. The road does not need to go directly to another place, but can connect through other roads. Examples include Due West Road west of Marietta, Kennesaw Due West Road southwest of Kennesaw, and Acworth Due West Road south of Acworth. Some are usually hyphenated, such as Peachtree-Dunwoody Road, Ashford-Dunwoody Road, Chamblee-Dunwoody Road, and Chamblee-Tucker Road.
There are also some roads named for communities that have been overwhelmed by urban and suburban sprawls, and also a bit strange for newcomers. These include Sandy Plains, Crabapple, Toonigh, Luxomni, and Due West. Some of these communities are in the middle of the road, while some are on or almost at one end. Some areas were renamed, either from time to time (Sandy Plains gradually became "Sprayberry" when Sprayberry High School moved there and the same shopping mall appeared around it); by the USPS (Toonigh identified as "Lebanon"), or after a rapid development. In such cases, roads usually retain their historic names even if the environment is not.
Some of these paths have become arteries, while others still drive two fun trails. There are also many state roads, although the GDOT has a habit of moving the numbered routes to other streets, without public input, and sometimes sending them through completely different cities. State highway numbers also tend to arbitrarily warp while their direction signs do not, making them useless where they show "north" and "south" in places roads go east and west. There are also several US highways that cross the region, including 19, 23, 29, 41, and 78.
The other arteries are completely new, like most Barrett Parkways and the South Fulton Parkway, both built by their country but partially covered with state route numbers. Sometimes, the streets are aligned or extended to meet each other directly at the crossroads, leading to strange curves and name changes.
See also
References
External links
- Media related to the Atlanta metropolitan area on Wikimedia Commons
- Metro Atlanta travel guides from Wikivoyage
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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