Hurricane Omar is a powerful tropical cyclone taking the unusual southwest route to the northeast through the eastern Caribbean Sea during mid-October 2008. Formed from a tropical disturbance on October 13, Omar initially moved slowly in the east. Caribbean Sea. On October 15, Omar began rapidly intensifying as deep convection developed around the circulation center. Later that day, eyes flourished and the storm began to go northeast. In early October 16, Omar reached its peak intensity with a maximum wind of 130 mph (215 km/h) and a barometer pressure of 958 mbar (hPa; 28.29 inHg). Shortly after that, the storm quickly weakened to Category 1 intensity. After slightly strengthening back the next day, Omar weakened into a tropical storm before slumping into a non-convective low-pressure area. The remnants of Omar survived until 21 October when it was lost to the west of the Azores.
Across the eastern Caribbean, Omar affects many islands, most of which only note small impacts. Major floods and heavy rains have affected the ABC islands. Antigua and Barbuda suffered a loss of $ 54 million, mainly in Antigua because nine houses were destroyed, some were damaged and many farms were flooded with floods. One person died in Puerto Rico after suffering a heart attack caused by stress. The US Virgin Islands also suffered significant damage, costing about $ 6 million. Many boats and houses were damaged and more than 100 electric poles were struck. The total loss from the storm is estimated at $ 79 million.
Video Hurricane Omar
Riwayat meteorologi
On September 30, a well-developed tropical wave moved from the east coast of Africa and into the Atlantic Ocean. Convection is formed around the prominent intermediate circulation as it moves westward. However, the convection was reduced on 2 October before entering the Caribbean Sea a week later. Upon entering the Caribbean Sea, bathing and thunderstorm activity was rebuilt around the lowlands. Followed and low follow-up developments are defined as Tropical Depression Fifteen at 0600 UTC on October 13 while located approximately 190 miles (305 kilometers) south of the southeastern tip of the Dominican Republic. The previously stable western movement that the system took over the Atlantic was stopped when it entered a weak steering current area and significant movement was not expected for another day or two. As the storm structure increased, it was upgraded to a tropical storm and the National Hurricane Center (NHC) gave it the name Omar .
Located to the southeast of a vast and deep tropospheric trench and to the west of the low to medium ridge, Omar spins counter-clockwise on October 14. After becoming a tropical storm, Omar began to undergo a longer period quickly. intensification as a very deep convection develops around the center of the circulation. The winds shifted around the storm, which earlier hampered the rapid development, weakened, allowing further gains. Later that day, the eyes of 11.5 to 17.2 mi (18.5 to 27.7 km) were formed as the storm began to turn toward the northeast because of a trough. With eye formation, the Dvorak technique provides an intensity of 75 mph (120 km/h), indicating that Omar has intensified into a storm. Intensification briefly stops when the eye wall is eroded and the center of the storm becomes slightly elliptical. However, convection in survival and strengthening is expected when the storm approaches Puerto Rico. Shortly after, the eyes quickly became well-defined and appeared on visible satellite imagery, an indication of a rising storm. The possibility of rapid intensification is very good because this storm features a well-developed stream and prominent ribbon features.
With very warm sea temperatures, high ocean heat content, low wind shear, and moist air mass, Omar quickly reached its peak intensity in early October 16 as a Category 4 storm with winds of 130 mph (215 km/h). During the intensification phase, the forward movement of the storm increases to 20 mph (32 km/h). Once in the Atlantic Ocean, Omar began to weaken rapidly, with winds dropping to 50 mph (85 km/h) in 12 hours. Satellite images visible depict low-level circulation exposed to convection being moved to the east due to a combination of extremely high wind shear and dry air. On October 17, most of the deep convection associated with the system was wasted; However, a brief decline in wind shear allows Omar to back up to its secondary peak, with a wind 85 mph (140 km/h). During this phase, the convection is rebuilt around the center and the eye is reformed. Later that day, the trough that caused the northeast movement quickly passed Omar, which caused a descending movement.
A weakening storm, Omar continues to the northeast because of the upper middle ridge which lies to the south of the system and the latitude of the mid-latitude in the north. On October 17, the wind shear increased once again when Omar tracked waters below 26 ° C (79 ° F). Around 0000Ã, UTC on October 18th, Omar weakened into a tropical storm due to the associated deep convection lost. Twelve hours later, while still producing a tropical storm, the storm slumped into the remaining low-pressure area. The remnants of Omar lasted until 0600Ã, UTC on 21 October when it disappeared about 805 mi (1295 km) west of the Azores.
Maps Hurricane Omar
Preparation
On October 15, the US Virgin Islands governor announced final preparations for Hurricane Omar when he signed the State Emergency declaration for the region. Public schools will close on 16 October. All non-essential workers will be laid off at 10 am local time. At 6 pm Curfew is applied for the same day. Only those who pass legitimately are allowed out after the curfew is imposed. On the same day, Hurricane Warnings and banjir bandang inspectors were put in place to anticipate the storm and heavy rains of Omar. The American Red Cross plans to open shelters across the island before the cyclone strikes. Sandbags are also distributed in St. Petersburg. Croix. A large oil refinery, which produces 500,000 barrels per day (79,000 m 3 /d), is closed and only the required workers remain at the refinery.
In Sint Maarten, officials advise citizens to initiate all necessary actions to prepare for the storm. Citizens are told to clear their yards from debris or lose furniture that can become air during the storm, placing windows over windows and doors and assisting old neighbors by closing their homes, and sailors having to find a safe haven. Curfew from 10:00 pm on October 15 to 10:00 am on October 16 is in effect. Because of the possibility of banjir bandang, the population must unclog and free all the water channels around their homes. Officials also warned people to stay away from landslide-prone areas until "all-clear" was given. Livestock owners are advised to be insured that they are secured in shelters. Just in case, the water supply will be shut off from 8:00 am. October 15th to 8:00 pm October 16th. Four public areas, St. John's Community Center Peters, Community Center for the Dutch Quarter, School of Genevieve de Weever, and the building of the Salvation Army will be used as an emergency shelter.
All public, flight, and school activities are closed or canceled in Puerto Rico. Eighteen open shelters in the eastern part of the island. Also, in Anguilla, residents in the Sandy Ground, Valley Bottom, Welches and Mount Fortune areas were placed under evacuation orders. Shelters are opened all over the island for those in need of shelter. Schools and government offices are also closed and visitors are told to leave the island.
Impact
Omar generates moderate damage on many islands, at least worth $ 80 million (2008 USD) and one death linked to a storm.
While it moves slightly above the center-south Caribbean, Omar brings prolonged tropical cyclone conditions to the ABC Islands. A sustained wind approaching wind power hit the islands, although a peak blast of up to 58 mph (93 km/h) was confined to Bonaire. Within 24 hours, a maximum rainfall of 4 in (100 mm) was recorded in Aruba, while 1.7 in (43 mm) and 1.5 in (38 mm) rain fell in CuraÃÆ'§ao and Bonaire, respectively. Strong winds damage the roofs on the three islands, and rough seas cause coastal erosion and significant damage to coastal facilities. Some rain damage also occurred, with significant flooding reported in parts of Aruba. In the SSS Islands (Saba, St. Eustatius, and Sint Maarten) strong winds from Omar, sped up to 76 mph (122 km/h), and high waves cause significant damage and coastal flooding. In Sint Maarten, rainfall from storms reached 5.4 in (140 mm). Damage in Sint Maarten is primarily limited to coastal erosion and scattered power outages.
The island of Dominica suffered severe damage from Hurricane Omar. The Scotts Head Village, with a population of 450, was cut off from other parts of the country as roads were severely damaged. The village also suffers from water loss, lack of electricity, and landline phones are cut off. The ports across the country were badly damaged. All barge access for transporting sand and stone is destroyed. The airport was also damaged. Seven boats ran aground during a storm. Minor damage was reported in Anguilla. Two hotels suffered roof damage, crashed into a power grid causing scattered power outages, and rough seas causing severe coastal erosion. Three cargo ships and seven boats ran aground and two other boats drowned.
In Antigua and Barbuda, wind from Omar is recorded at 40 mph (64 km/h), with gusts up to 48 mph (77 km/h). Intense storm lines carrying heavy rains, falling at level 2 in (51 mm) at time, peaking at 2.22 in (56 mm) per hour from 0900 UTC to 1200 UTC on 16 October. Maximum recorded rainfall is 9.1 in (230 mm) but, up to 11 inches (280 mm) is expected to fall in the mountains. The Storm Surge is estimated to be 2-4Ã, ft (0.61-1.22 m) with waves reaching 5-8Ã, ft (1.5-2.4 m) in height. Nine houses were destroyed and several landslides were reported. No casualties were attributed to Omar, and only a few had minor injuries. The most severe damage is roads and agriculture due to flooding. Seventy-five people were forced to flee to a shelter while their homes were flooded. Some farms are washed away, including their livestock. Many farmers lose their crops due to floods. Damage in Barbuda is estimated at $ 18 million. Agricultural losses in Antigua amount to about $ 11 million (2008 USD) and property damage of $ 25 million.
In Puerto Rico, a man died after he collapsed from a heart attack while trying to install a storm cover at his home. As a tropical wave, the precedent for Omar resulted in heavy rain on the island, causing minor floods. After passing Puerto Rico for the second time, Omar produces local heavy rain, which causes flooding in the small lanes.
At St. Croix, a wave of up to 15 feet (4.6 m) from Omar sank about 47 ships, causing a huge oil spill around the islands. About 400 ships broke out of the pier, 200 of them lost their anchors. Omar produces more than 7 in (180 mm) of rain on the island in a span of 24 hours. Although St. Croix was brushed by the eyewall, the sustained wind reached 53 mph (85 km/h) with gusts up to 72 mph (116 km/h). Three people needed to be rescued when their ship hit a rock and began to sink. Most of the 55,000 inhabitants are without electricity because more than 100 power lines are destroyed. Damage on the island is estimated at $ 700,000 with another $ 1 million in cleaning costs. St. Thomas, one of the hardest-hit islands, left completely without electricity in the storm. All major intersections are closed because the traffic lights are on the ground or without electricity. Damage on the island reached $ 5.3 million.
At Gros Islet Quarter in St. Louis Lucia, the damaged sea ruined a dock and waded through a cruise ship. In SoufriÃÆ'¨re, four houses were destroyed by a storm surge, which also made some areas impassable. The storm surge also flooded the Anse la Raye Quarter section, which prompted officials to state a mandatory evacuation of the area. In Montserrat, very little damage was reported. Several minor landslides occur in rural areas; no impact caused by them. In Nevis there is relatively minor damage even though the front of the Four Seasons Resort was badly damaged and then closed for a long time. Across St Kitts and Nevis, the damage is estimated at $ 19 million.
Aftermath
The damage handled by the Antigua and Barbuda agriculture sector sparked major concerns for "food security" in 2009. The government allocated about $ 33,897,420 to help develop and improve the industry. A significant expansion of agricultural land is discussed, an area of ​​15,000 square feet (1,400 m 2 ), to help drive the growth of the sector.
On October 29, after Omar, President George W. Bush signed a major disaster declaration for the US Virgin Islands, allowing public assistance to help the islands. The Federal Emergency Management Agency or FEMA, has received 60 requests for public assistance throughout the area. The value of money for the aid is estimated at $ 3 million and continues to grow. Twenty-five departments and agencies are approved for federal support, namely the US. V.I. Public Works Department. Some non-profit organizations also receive support from FEMA, while those who do not meet the criteria are referred to the Small Business Administration's low-interest loan program.
In Dominica, a trip near Omar to the island left 30 families homeless and deeply disturbed the fishing community. On December 15, the Board of Directors of the Caribbean Development Bank approved $ 9.16 million for aid to those affected by Omar on the island and to restore the infrastructure damaged by the storm. On December 18, the Dominica government invested $ 4 million to help the fishermen community affected by Omar. A total of 140 fishermen were awarded $ 250 per week for a total of four weeks. Sixty-two of them continue to receive funds because of their circumstances. The government also purchased 121 boat engines to distribute to fishermen. Another $ 794,000 was spent on repairing 47 ships and building 28 other ships that had been damaged or destroyed by Omar. The government also purchased a replacement fishing gear.
See also
- Hurricane Lenny - takes an unusual western route to the east in the Caribbean
- List of tropical cyclones of South America
- Category List 4 Atlantic hurricane
References
External links
- National Website of Hurricane Center
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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