various stores (also pound stores , dollar stores , and other names) are retail stores selling cheap household items.
Store varieties often have product lines including food and beverages, personal hygiene products, home appliances and small gardens, office supplies, decorations, electronics, garden plants, toys, pet supplies, remaining books, recorded media, and motorcycles and bike. Larger stores can sell frozen food and fresh produce.
Various stores emerged early in the 20th century, with Woolworth's model to reduce store overhead costs by simplifying the duties of salespeople. They can now be found all over the world.
Various stores often sell all goods at a single price, which in this case is called price-point retailers. Store names often reflect this, and in different markets it can be called dollar stores, pound shops, euro shops and so on.
Video Variety store
Economy
Some items are offered at a considerable discount compared to other retailers, while others are at the same price point as conventional retailers. There are two ways a various store gets profit:
- Buying and selling large quantities of goods at great discount prices provides a small profit margin multiplied by sales volume.
- Pricing lots of goods at prices higher than ordinary retailers. These items are usually purchased by consumers who consider them as bargains based on large discounts on other items in the store. In the case of a fixed-price retailer, this can be achieved by reducing packet size to one that is smaller than that found in other retail outlets.
Various stores with single price points buy products to match the price points (while generating profits) which are:
- common brands or private labels, often custom-made using less expensive materials and processes than usual.
- is available through the gray market.
- is bought with closeout sales, such as seasonal goods or promotions or bankruptcy shares.
- sold in smaller unit sizes than elsewhere.
Not all variation stores are "one price point" stores, even if their names imply them. For example, in the United States, the Common Dollar and the Family Dollars sell more or less than a dollar. Some stores also sell goods at multiple prices of the stated price and, conversely, some items for the price. The difference with the nominal price is also exacerbated if the sales tax is added at the point of sale.
Maps Variety store
Supply
In many countries, stock can be imported from others with lower variable costs, due to wage differences, resource costs or taxation. Usually goods are imported by general importers, then sold to grocery stores.
Other sources of stock are the excess, the excess goods and food products that have expired. The Real offer, a regional dollar shop in Syracuse, New York area, is almost entirely filled with surplus items like this. The legality of selling of invalid goods varies between jurisdictions: in general, most goods (with some exceptions, especially perishable goods dependent on the state) can be sold in the United States regardless of the date they are sold-but United Kingdom is illegal to sell goods after their "Use By" date.
Demographics
Although some people may connect stores with low-income areas, this is not always true. For example, Atherton, California has stores within the city limits, although it has an average household income of almost $ 185,000 per year. The study of food discounts in the UK showed a highly variable demographic, and 99p Stores reported an increase in high-income customers after the 2007-08 financial crisis.
History
North America
The concept of various stores comes with five and ten five and a dime , nickel or a dime , and a ten cents store or a dime (10 cents), a store that offers a wide range of cheap goods for personal and household use. The originator of the concept was Woolworth Bros., in July 1879. Woolworth Bros. then become F. W. Woolworth Company or just "Woolworth's." On June 21, 1879, Frank Winfield Woolworth opened his first successful five-cent shop in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, after a failed attempt with a store he opened on February 22, 1879, in Utica, New York. Frank immediately took his brother Charles Sumner "Sum" Woolworth into business. Together they opened a second store in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, on July 18, 1879.
Before they started their own store, Woolworth's brothers worked for Augsbury and Moore, a dry goods store in Watertown, New York. It was they who trained Woolworth's brothers and lent them $ 300 worth of goods to Frank. Frank paid off his debt when he opened the Lancaster store. Frank experimented with a table of 10 Â ¢ in Lancaster, and similar to his experiments on the 5 Â ¢ table in Augsbury and Moore, it was a success. Sum runs the Harrisburg store, stuffs it with stuff, hires clerks, and also adds a table with a ten-cent item line. Again, the approach was a huge success.
Due to lease disputes, Sum immediately moved the Harrisburg store to York, Pennsylvania, and on November 6, 1880, he opened a store in downtown Scranton, Pennsylvania, and officially called it "5à ¢ â,¬â" ¢ & à ¢ â,¬  ¢ store? ". There, he developed and fully defined the concept of nickel-and-dime into American culture. Frank spends time opening more stores, working in the back of business, buying large amounts for all affiliates and "friendly rivals," and buying from producers to keep prices low. Meanwhile, Sum uses his shop to train new managers and develop many Woolworth concepts that include bright lighting, high sparkling flooring, glass exhibitions, mahogany counters, and items that people can touch. Prior to this, clerks had to work with each customer individually, handing them stuff from a case or shelf. It requires more employees, with greater knowledge, and is more expensive.
Before Woolworth, the prevailing thought was that the whole store could not defend itself with all the bargains. The Woolworth Bros and their affiliate partner stores initially display goods for just five cents and ten cents. Many others try to copy their leadership.
Then in the twentieth century, the price range expanded; Woolworths initially did a tight "five-and-ten cent" business, but in the spring of 1932, a 20 percent line of merchandise was added. On November 13, 1935, the directors of the company decided to stop the price limit altogether. Inflation finally dictates that shops are no longer able to sell anything for five or ten cents, and then referred to as "various stores" or more commonly "dollar stores." Using the Historical Consumer Price Index for January 1913 (9.8) and January 2009 (211.143), the inflation rate was 2.067%. Therefore, the $ 0,05 item in January 1913 would cost $ 1.08 in January 2009, all other things being equal.
The famous dime store companies include:
Of these, only Ben Franklin continues to exist in this form, while Kresge and Walton become major retailers of Kmart and Walmart. The latest Woolworth brand stores in the US were closed in 1997; But the Woolworth company has been a success with the retail subsidiary of Sport Foot Locker, and the company name has been officially converted into Foot Locker to reflect the new business focus. Starting around the 1960s, others tried the larger format "discount stores" as well, like W.T. Grant, Woolworth's Woolco stores, and TG & amp; Y Family Centers.
United Kingdom
Woolworth's opened its first store in England in 1909, when they were also known as the "threepenny and sixpenny", "3d and 6d" stores displayed on the front of the store.
Brand
Asia
In Japan, a 100 yen store (?????? hyaku-en shoppu or hyakkin) has been breeding since about 2001. This is considered an effect after the Japanese economic recession for a decade. Despite the emphasis on value, however, some items, such as chocolate bars, may be priced higher than in other stores.
For several years, the 100 yen store did not exist as a permanent store, but as a seller under a temporary folding tent. They (and still are) are usually found near the supermarket entrance area.
The main player in the 100 yen store is the Daiso chain. The first store opened in 1991, and now there are about 2,400 stores in Japan. This number increased by about 40 stores per month. Daiso has also grown to North America, Australia, Asia, and the Middle East.
In China,  ¥ 2 (or  ¥ 3, depending on the region's economic prosperity) the store has become a common sight in most cities. In Hong Kong, major department stores have opened their own $ 10 stores (US $ 1.28) to compete in the market, and now there are "$ 8 stores" (US $ 1.02) and even "$ 2 stores" (US $ 0.26) compete at lower prices, especially in poorer communities. Low prices are aided by Hong Kong's lack of sales tax and its proximity to China.
In Taiwan, fixed price stores can be found in many locations, including night markets, regular shopping streets, regular market stalls, and department stores. Two typical price points are NT $ 39 and NT $ 49. Since the retail environment in Taiwan is already very competitive, it is not uncommon to see the stores fail. Usually the goods for the store are manufactured in China to reduce costs.
In India, the US Dollar Store that started in 2003 was the pioneer of the Sole price shop in India. Merchandise for pilot stores starts from America. Due to increased volume over the years with over 200 operational stores in India, these merchandise are imported from China, Indonesia, Thailand, Spain, Portugal, UK and many other countries including the United States. The US Dollar stores leading single retail stores at discounted prices in India established by entrepreneur Gaurav Sahni owner of Nanson Overseas Private Limited. The Nanson company operated by Gaurav Sahni and his brother Gautam Sahni has an established source, consolidation and network for more than 2 decades of worldwide supply. The power of direct sources without intermediaries and stockpiling of various merchandise as well as when needed on store shelves has given the company an edge in competition. The US Dollar store is a very popular brand in India and is associated with a fun store that sells exclusively collected merchandise globally.
Store:
- In Japan: Daiso, Daiei, Seria
- In China: Miniso
- In Pakistan: HomeStore Ghazali
- In Malaysia: RM, 2 stores (2 ringgit)
- In India: US Dollar Store
Europe
In Spain there is a Todo 100 store ("everything for 100 pesetas" (EUR0.60)), though due to the introduction of the euro and inflation, most products cost multiples of EUR0.60 or EUR1. Most of these stores retain their names on the pesetas, and most of them have been renamed to Casi todo 100 ("almost everything for 100 [pesetas]"), Todo a 100, 300, 500 y mÃÆ'¡s ("everything for 100, 300, 500 or more") or Todo a un euro . The everyday language, the expression todo a 100 implies that something is cheap, kitsch or of low quality.
In Portugal, there are Trezentos stores (300 escudos, EUR1.50), but with the introduction of the Euro currency, this term is not used today and the term 'bazaar' or 'euro shop' is favored.
In Germany, there is ToBi (German: Total Billig , the "Totally Inexpensive" store where most of the valuables one or two euros or less.
In Hungary, there are 100 forintos bolt (store "100 forints store"), but they do not form a single chain, instead operated by an independent small company.
The HEMA chain begins in the Netherlands, selling goods using a standard price of 10, 25 or 50 cents, and then also 75 and 100 cents. After World War II, this model was untenable and the standard pricing system abandoned. HEMA stands for Hollandish company price standard (Dutch: Hollandse Eenheidsprijzen Maatschappij ). HEMA has about 500 Dutch stores in 2011 and also operates in Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg and France. Since 2016, the chain has grown to other European countries such as Spain and the UK.
Store:
- In Belgium: Action, HEMA and Zeeman.
- In Denmark: fÃÆ'¸tex, Tiger, a spell of the word for Danish ten-krone coins, opened in the mid-nineties in Copenhagen and has since spread to other countries
- In France: Action, HEMA, Monoprix, Uniprix, M. 1-2-3. Zeeman
- In Germany: Action, EuroShop, HEMA, Pfennigland, TEDi (1400 stores in Europe), MÃÆ'¤c-Geiz (240 stores), Thomas Philipps (200 stores), Pfennigpfeiffer (110 stores), Zeeman
- In Greece: 300 (300 drachmas, EUR0.90)
- In Italy: UPIM
- In Ireland: Dealz, EuroGiant
- In Luxembourg: HEMA, Zeeman
- In Malta: Tal-Lira
- In the Netherlands: Action, Big Bazar, Euroland, HEMA, and Zeeman.
- In Norway: TierÃ,Â'n, everyday expression for ten kroner, US $ 1.75.
- In Portugal: Eupoupo - Tudo, EUR0.99 ou EUR1,49
- In Sweden: Bubbeltian, called by some Tian, ​​â € <â €
- In the UK: HEMA, Poundland, Poundworld, Poundwise, Poundstretcher, Home Bargains, B & M
- In Russian: Fixprice (50 rubles)
North America
According to IBISWorld, dollar shops have grown 43 percent since 1998 and have become the $ 56 billion industry. Colliers International claims there are more dollar stores than drugstores. With other types of stores closing in large numbers, dollar stores often replace other types of stores in shopping centers. They succeed in part because of impulsive purchases.
Among today's dollar stores are:
- In the United States: Dollar Tree (6.134), 99 Cents Only Stores (390), Daiso (68), Fred's (651), Dollar General (13,320), Family Dollar (7,974), Five Below ), Real Offers, K Dollar In Canada: A Buck or Two (163), Dollarama (1.095), Everything For Dollar Store, Great Canadian Dollar Store (100), Dollar Tree Canada (226), Dollar Store With More (180)
- In Mexico: Waldo Mart Dollar
Oceania
Store:
- In Australia, key stores now consist of Reject Shop, Daiso, and various small chain and independent stores. Former chains include Crazy Clark, Homeart, Warehouse Sam, Crazy Bargains Clint, Go-Lo and Chickenfeed.
- In New Zealand: Shop $ 2, Shop 1 2 3 Dollars, and Coin Save
South America
In Argentina, various shops are called all for two pesos (2 pesos).
In Brazil, these stores are called um e noventa e nove (one and ninety-nine, which means BRL1.99, about US $ 1.20) usually written as 1.99. They began to emerge in the 1990s as a consequence of increasing low-income class purchasing power after the cessation of hyperinflation and the decline in middle-class net income due to a gradual increase in the national average tax burden.
Brazilians sometimes use the expression
In Chile, they are called todo a mile (referring to a thousand pesos of Chilean pecan banknotes). They are generally located in a middle-class neighborhood where large retail stores are usually not brave and in a small commercial district like the one in Santiago.
Other names
Store varieties are often named for the price of goods sold in them; names vary by region and time, because each country has a different currency, and the price of goods has increased over time due to inflation. Modern names include:
Cultural reference
- In November 2010, an installation art work called Ã, Â £ 100 Shop was exhibited at Dalston, London, presenting items from the pound store as if fancy special. The goods are actually offered for sale, even with the sales contract of the labyrinth.
See also
- Types of retail outlets
- Marketing
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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